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Physics Informed Neural Networks is a numerical method which uses neural networks to approximate solutions of partial differential equations. It has received a lot of attention and is currently used in numerous physical and engineering…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Dimitrios Gazoulis , Ioannis Gkanis , Charalambos G. Makridakis

A fundamental problem in science and engineering is designing optimal control policies that steer a given system towards a desired outcome. This work proposes Control Physics-Informed Neural Networks (Control PINNs) that simultaneously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Jostein Barry-Straume , Arash Sarshar , Andrey A. Popov , Adrian Sandu

Error bounds, which refer to inequalities that bound the distance of vectors in a test set to a given set by a residual function, have proven to be extremely useful in analyzing the convergence rates of a host of iterative methods for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-14 Zirui Zhou , Anthony Man-Cho So

We propose rigorous lower and upper error bounds for neural network (NN) approximations to PDEs by efficiently computing the Riesz representations of suitable extension and restrictions of the NN residual towards geometrically simpler…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-15 Lewin Ernst , Nikolaos Rekatsinas , Karsten Urban

Optimal and safety-critical control are fundamental problems for stochastic systems, and are widely considered in real-world scenarios such as robotic manipulation and autonomous driving. In this paper, we consider the problem of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-10 Zhuoyuan Wang , Reece Keller , Xiyu Deng , Kenta Hoshino , Takashi Tanaka , Yorie Nakahira

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a prominent approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by minimizing a combined loss function that incorporates both boundary loss and PDE residual loss. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Youngsik Hwang , Dong-Young Lim

We propose in this paper a multilevel correction method to solve optimal control problems constrained by elliptic equations with the finite element method. In this scheme, solving optimization problem on the finest finite element space is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-08-31 Wei Gong , Hehu Xie , Ningning Yan

A physics informed neural network (PINN) incorporates the physics of a system by satisfying its boundary value problem through a neural network's loss function. The PINN approach has shown great success in approximating the map between the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-17 Revanth Mattey , Susanta Ghosh

We introduce Structure Informed Neural Networks (SINNs), a novel method for solving boundary observation problems involving PDEs. The SINN methodology is a data-driven framework for creating approximate solutions to internal variables on…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-10-31 Jakub Horsky , Andrew Wynn

We derive a priori error estimates for Nitsche's method applied to elliptic problems on approximate domains. Such approximations arise, for example, in unfitted finite element methods, data-driven simulations, and evolving domain problems,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Mats G. Larson , Karl Larsson , Shantiram Mahata

In this paper, we present and analyze an interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method for the distributed elliptic optimal control problems. It is based on a reconstructed discontinuous approximation which admits arbitrarily high-order…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Ruo Li , Haoyang Liu , Jun Yin

This paper aims to study the convergence of adaptive finite element method for control constrained elliptic optimal control problems under $L^2$-norm. We prove the contraction property and quasi-optimal complexity for the $L^2$-norm errors…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-11-16 Wei Gong , Ningning Yan , Zhaojie Zhou

In this paper, we introduce a multiscale framework based on adaptive edge basis functions to solve second-order linear elliptic PDEs with rough coefficients. One of the main results is that we prove the proposed multiscale method achieves…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-19 Yifan Chen , Thomas Y. Hou , Yixuan Wang

Numerical modeling errors are unavoidable in finite element analysis. The presence of model errors inherently reflects both model accuracy and uncertainty. To date there have been few methods for explicitly quantifying errors at points of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Bozhou Zhuang , Sashank Rana , Brandon Jones , Danny Smyl

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been recognized as a mesh-free alternative to solve partial differential equations where physics information is incorporated. However, in dealing with problems characterized by high stiffness or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Divyavardhan Singh , Shubham Kamble , Dimple Sonone , Kishor Upla

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have gained significant attention for solving forward and inverse problems related to partial differential equations (PDEs). While advancements in loss functions and network architectures have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Adrian Celaya , David Fuentes , Beatrice Riviere

In recent years, deep learning technology has been used to solve partial differential equations (PDEs), among which the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) emerges to be a promising method for solving both forward and inverse PDE…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Xiang Huang , Hongsheng Liu , Beiji Shi , Zidong Wang , Kang Yang , Yang Li , Bingya Weng , Min Wang , Haotian Chu , Jing Zhou , Fan Yu , Bei Hua , Lei Chen , Bin Dong

A comprehensive convergence and stability analysis of some probabilistic numerical methods designed to solve Cauchy-type inverse problems is performed in this study. Such inverse problems aim at solving an elliptic partial differential…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-12 Iulian Cîmpean , Andreea Grecu , Liviu Marin

We derive error estimates for a linear-quadratic elliptic distributed optimal control problem with pointwise control constraints that can be applied to standard finite element methods and multiscale finite element methods.

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-10-08 Susanne C. Brenner , Li-yeng Sung

In this article, we propose a novel Stabilized Physics Informed Neural Networks method (SPINNs) for solving wave equations. In general, this method not only demonstrates theoretical convergence but also exhibits higher efficiency compared…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-29 Yuling Jiao , Yuhui Liu , Jerry Zhijian Yang , Cheng Yuan