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In this paper, we propose a cusp-capturing physics-informed neural network (PINN) to solve discontinuous-coefficient elliptic interface problems whose solution is continuous but has discontinuous first derivatives on the interface. To find…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-09 Yu-Hau Tseng , Te-Sheng Lin , Wei-Fan Hu , Ming-Chih Lai

This paper presents adaptive weighted Euler-Lagrange theorem combined physics-informed neural networks (AW-EL-PINNs) for solving Euler-Lagrange systems in optimal control problems. The framework systematically converts optimal control…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-01 Chuandong Li , Runtian Zeng

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) are deep learning based techniques for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) encounted in computational science and engineering. Guided by data and physical laws, PINNs find a neural network…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-30 Yeonjong Shin , Jerome Darbon , George Em Karniadakis

Solving inverse and optimization problems over solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) on complex spatial domains is a long-standing challenge. Here we introduce a method that parameterizes the solution using spectral…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-30 James V. Roggeveen , Michael P. Brenner

We study iterative finite element approximations for the numerical approximation of semilinear elliptic boundary value problems with monotone nonlinear reactions of subcritical growth. The focus of our contribution is on an optimal a priori…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Florian Spicher , Thomas P. Wihler

We investigate the inverse problem for Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) in scenarios where the parameters of the given PDE dynamics may exhibit changepoints at random time. We employ Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) - universal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-03 Zhikang Dong , Pawel Polak

Partial differential equations (PDEs) are a model candidate for soft sensors in industrial processes with spatiotemporal dependence. Although physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising machine learning method for solving PDEs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Aina Wang , Pan Qin , Xi-Ming Sun

We study the posterior contraction rate of Bayesian Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving a general class of elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs). We focus on learning of the elliptic equation with a non-homogeneous…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Yuxuan Zhao , Yulong Lu

We consider an optimal recovery problem for the Poisson problem when the boundary data is unknown. Compensating information is provided in the form of a finite number of measurements of the solution. A finite element algorithm for this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Andrea Bonito , Alan Demlow , Joshua M. Siktar

In this paper we propose a new finite element method for solving elliptic optimal control problems with pointwise state constraints, including the distributed controls and the Dirichlet or Neumann boundary controls. The main idea is to use…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-06-07 Wei Gong , Zhiyu Tan

In this paper, we study the statistical limits of deep learning techniques for solving elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) from random samples using the Deep Ritz Method (DRM) and Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-16 Yiping Lu , Haoxuan Chen , Jianfeng Lu , Lexing Ying , Jose Blanchet

Neural networks have shown significant potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs). While deep networks are capable of approximating complex functions, direct one-shot training often faces limitations in both accuracy and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-10 Mingxing Weng , Zhiping Mao , Jie Shen

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) constitute a flexible deep learning approach for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), which model phenomena ranging from heat conduction to quantum mechanical systems. Despite their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Aleksander Krasowski , René P. Klausen , Aycan Celik , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Wojciech Samek , Jonas Naujoks

We investigate optimal control problems governed by the elliptic partial differential equation $-\Delta u=f$ subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions on a given domain $\Omega$. The control variable in this setting is the right-hand side…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Giuseppe Buttazzo , Juan Casado-Díaz , Faustino Maestre

Physics informed neural network (PINN) based solution methods for differential equations have recently shown success in a variety of scientific computing applications. Several authors have reported difficulties, however, when using PINNs to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-16 Arnav Gangal , Luis Kim , Sean P. Carney

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have become a kind of attractive machine learning method for obtaining solutions of partial differential equations (PDEs). Training PINNs can be seen as a semi-supervised learning task, in which only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Jia Guo , Haifeng Wang , Chenping Hou

We show that the physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), in combination with some recently developed discontinuity capturing neural networks, can be applied to solve optimal control problems subject to partial differential equations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Ming-Chih Lai , Yongcun Song , Xiaoming Yuan , Hangrui Yue , Tianyou Zeng

We introduce in this paper a technique for the reduced order approximation of parametric symmetric elliptic partial differential equations. For any given dimension, we prove the existence of an optimal subspace of at most that dimension…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-07-06 M. Azaïez , F. Ben Belgacem , J. Casado-Díaz , T. Chacón Rebollo , F. Murat

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently been very successfully applied for efficiently approximating inverse problems for PDEs. We focus on a particular class of inverse problems, the so-called data assimilation or unique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-07 Siddhartha Mishra , Roberto Molinaro

Appropriate time discretization is crucial for real-time applications of numerical optimal control, such as nonlinear model predictive control. However, if the discretization error strongly depends on the applied control input, meeting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Amon Lahr , Filip Tronarp , Nathanael Bosch , Jonathan Schmidt , Philipp Hennig , Melanie N. Zeilinger