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As a critical psychological stress response, micro-expressions (MEs) are fleeting and subtle facial movements revealing genuine emotions. Automatic ME recognition (MER) holds valuable applications in fields such as criminal investigation…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Shifeng Liu , Xinglong Mao , Sirui Zhao , Peiming Li , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Automatic facial behavior analysis has a long history of studies in the intersection of computer vision, physiology and psychology. However it is only recently, with the collection of large-scale datasets and powerful machine learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Dimitrios Kollias , Viktoriia Sharmanska , Stefanos Zafeiriou

Current Facial Action Unit (FAU) detection methods generally encounter difficulties due to the scarcity of labeled video training data and the limited number of training face IDs, which renders the trained feature extractor insufficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qiaoqiao Jin , Rui Shi , Yishun Dou , Bingbing Ni

Detect facial keypoints is a critical element in face recognition. However, there is difficulty to catch keypoints on the face due to complex influences from original images, and there is no guidance to suitable algorithms. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-17 Shenghao Shi

Facial action unit recognition is an important task for facial analysis. Owing to the complex collection environment, facial action unit recognition in the wild is still challenging. The 3rd competition on affective behavior analysis…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Shangfei Wang , Yanan Chang , Jiahe Wang

Facial expression synthesis or editing has recently received increasing attention in the field of affective computing and facial expression modeling. However, most existing facial expression synthesis works are limited in paired training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-03 Zhilei Liu , Diyi Liu , Yunpeng Wu

Principle Component Analysis PCA is a classical feature extraction and data representation technique widely used in pattern recognition. It is one of the most successful techniques in face recognition. But it has drawback of high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Manal Abdullah , Majda Wazzan , Sahar Bo-saeed

The intensity estimation of facial action units (AUs) is challenging due to subtle changes in the person's facial appearance. Previous approaches mainly rely on probabilistic models or predefined rules for modeling co-occurrence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Yingruo Fan , Jacqueline C. K. Lam , Victor O. K. Li

Although state-of-the-art classifiers for facial expression recognition (FER) can achieve a high level of accuracy, they lack interpretability, an important feature for end-users. Experts typically associate spatial action units (AUs) from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Soufiane Belharbi , Marco Pedersoli , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich , Simon Bacon , Eric Granger

Facial action units (AUs) recognition is essential for emotion analysis and has been widely applied in mental state analysis. Existing work on AU recognition usually requires big face dataset with AU labels; however, manual AU annotation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Xuesong Niu , Hu Han , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

The Equine Facial Action Coding System (EquiFACS) enables the systematic annotation of facial movements through distinct Action Units (AUs). It serves as a crucial tool for assessing affective states in horses by identifying subtle facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 João Alves , Pia Haubro Andersen , Rikke Gade

Deep models for facial expression recognition achieve high performance by training on large-scale labeled data. However, publicly available datasets contain uncertain facial expressions caused by ambiguous annotations or confusing emotions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-15 Yang Liu , Xingming Zhang , Janne Kauttonen , Guoying Zhao

Deep learning vision models excel with abundant supervision, but many applications face label scarcity and class imbalance. Controllable image editing can augment scarce labeled data, yet edits often introduce artifacts and entangle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Joris Kirchner , Amogh Gudi , Marian Bittner , Chirag Raman

Facial expression classification is a kind of image classification and it has received much attention, in recent years. There are many approaches to solve these problems with aiming to increase efficient classification. One of famous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-07-19 Thai Le , Phat Tat , Hai Tran

Facial action units allow an objective, standardized description of facial micro movements which can be used to describe emotions in human faces. Annotating data for action units is an expensive and time-consuming task, which leads to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Jaspar Pahl , Ines Rieger , Dominik Seuss

Subject-invariant facial action unit (AU) recognition remains challenging for the reason that the data distribution varies among subjects. In this paper, we propose a causal inference framework for subject-invariant facial action unit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Yingjie Chen , Diqi Chen , Tao Wang , Yizhou Wang , Yun Liang

Despite the impressive performance of current vision-based facial action unit (AU) detection approaches, they are heavily susceptible to the variations across different domains and the cross-domain AU detection methods are under-explored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Yong Li , Menglin Liu , Zhen Cui , Yi Ding , Yuan Zong , Wenming Zheng , Shiguang Shan , Cuntai Guan

This paper describes an approach to the facial action unit (AU) detection. In this work, we present our submission to the Field Affective Behavior Analysis (ABAW) 2021 competition. The proposed method uses the pre-trained JAA model as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Chenggong Zhang , Juan Song , Qingyang Zhang , Weilong Dong , Ruomeng Ding , Zhilei Liu

Understanding pain-related facial behaviors is essential for digital healthcare in terms of effective monitoring, assisted diagnostics, and treatment planning, particularly for patients unable to communicate verbally. Existing data-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Zhiyu Wang , Yang Liu , Hatice Gunes

Facial action unit (AU) detection, aiming to classify AU present in the facial image, has long suffered from insufficient AU annotations. In this paper, we aim to mitigate this data scarcity issue by learning AU representations from a large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Yong Li , Shiguang Shan