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Non-volatile memories (NVMs) offer negligible leakage power consumption, high integration density, and data retention, but their non-volatility also raises the risk of data exposure. Conventional encryption techniques such as the Advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanwar Ahmed Ovy , Jiahui Duan , Md Ashraful Islam Romel , Franz Muller , Thomas Kampfe , Kai Ni , Sumitha George

Electrochemical random-access memory (ECRAM) is a recently developed and highly promising analog resistive memory element for in-memory computing. One longstanding challenge of ECRAM is attaining retention time beyond a few hours. This…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Diana Kim , Virgil Watkins , Laszlo Cline , Jingxian Li , Kai Sun , Joshua D. Sugar , Elliot J. Fuller , A. Alec Talin , Yiyang Li

The emergence of resistive non-volatile memories opens the way to highly energy-efficient computation near- or in-memory. However, this type of computation is not compatible with conventional ECC, and has to deal with device unreliability.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Marc Bocquet , Tifenn Hirtzlin , Jacques-Olivier Klein , Etienne Nowak , Elisa Vianello , Jean-Michel Portal , Damien Querlioz

Conventional computing paradigm struggles to fulfill the rapidly growing demands from emerging applications, especially those for machine intelligence, because much of the power and energy is consumed by constant data transfers between…

Spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) is an attractive alternative to current random access memory technologies due to its non-volatility, fast operation and high endurance. STT-MRAM does though have…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-27 Noriyuki Sato , Fen Xue , Robert M. White , Chong Bi , Shan X. Wang

Artificial Neural Network computation relies on intensive vector-matrix multiplications. Recently, the emerging nonvolatile memory (NVM) crossbar array showed a feasibility of implementing such operations with high energy efficiency, thus…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Hyungjun Kim , Taesu Kim , Jinseok Kim , Jae-Joon Kim

Flexible Electronics (FE) have emerged as a promising alternative to silicon-based technologies, offering on-demand low-cost fabrication, conformality, and sustainability. However, their large feature sizes severely limit integration…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Florentia Afentaki , Maha Shatta , Konstantinos Balaskas , Georgios Panagopoulos , Georgios Zervakis , Mehdi B. Tahoori

Non-volatile memory (NVM), also known as persistent memory, is an emerging paradigm for memory that preserves its contents even after power loss. NVM is widely expected to become ubiquitous, and hardware architectures are already providing…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Eleni Bila , John Derrick , Simon Doherty , Brijesh Dongol , Gerhard Schellhorn , Heike Wehrheim

We have modified a commercial NOR flash memory array to enable high-precision tuning of individual floating-gate cells for analog computing applications. The modified array area per cell in a 180 nm process is about 1.5 um^2. While this…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-10-10 F. Merrikh Bayat , X. Guo , H. A. Ommani , N. Do , K. K. Likharev , D. B. Strukov

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a biologically inspired alternative to conventional deep networks, offering event-driven and energy-efficient computation. However, their throughput remains constrained by the serial update of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyang Shang , Shuai Dong , Yahan Yang , Junyi Yang , Peng Zhou , Arindam Basu

Despite huge success of artificial intelligence, hardware systems running these algorithms consume orders of magnitude higher energy compared to the human brain, mainly due to heavy data movements between the memory unit and the computation…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Amogh Agrawal , Aayush Ankit , Kaushik Roy

Resistive memories are outstanding electron devices that have displayed a large potential in a plethora of applications such as nonvolatile data storage, neuromorphic computing, hardware cryptography, etc. Their fabrication control and…

Embedded machine learning (ML) systems have now become the dominant platform for deploying ML serving tasks and are projected to become of equal importance for training ML models. With this comes the challenge of overall efficient…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Ahmet Inci , Mehmet Meric Isgenc , Diana Marculescu

The exciting field of stretchable electronics (SE) promises numerous novel applications, particularly in-body and medical diagnostics devices. However, future advanced SE miniature devices will require high-density, extremely stretchable…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-09-14 Salman Shafqat , Johan P. M. Hoefnagels , Angel Savov , Shivani Joshi , Ronald Dekker , Marc G. D. Geers

In this work, we propose a novel differential photonic static random access memory (pSRAM) bitcell design using fabrication-friendly photonic components. The proposed pSRAM overcomes the key limitations of traditional electrical SRAMs,…

We propose a novel solid-state disk (SSD) architecture that utilizes a double-data-rate synchronous NAND flash interface for improving read and write performance. Unlike the conventional design, the data transfer rate in the proposed design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Eui-Young Chung , Chang-Il Son , Kwanhu Bang , Dong Kim , Soong-Mann Shin , Sungroh Yoon

Resistive memory technologies promise to be a key component in unlocking the next generation of intelligent in-memory computing systems that can act and learn locally at the edge. However, current approaches to in-memory machine learning…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-01-31 Thomas Dalgaty , Niccolo Castellani , Damien Querlioz , Elisa Vianello

Spin Transfer Torque MRAMs are attractive due to their non-volatility, high density and zero leakage. However, STT-MRAMs suffer from poor reliability due to shared read and write paths. Additionally, conflicting requirements for data…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-06-20 Zoha Pajouhi , Xuanyao Fong , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

The observation of vortices in superconductors was a major breakthrough in developing the conceptual background for superconducting applications. Each vortex carries a flux quantum, and the magnetic field radially decreases from the center.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-06-22 H. Suderow , I. Guillamon , J. G. Rodrigo , S. Vieira

Compute-in-memory (CIM) presents an attractive approach for energy-efficient computing in data-intensive applications. However, the development of suitable memory designs to achieve high-performance CIM remains a challenging task. Here, we…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yuhao Shu , Hongtu Zhang , Hao Sun , Mengru Zhang , Wenfeng Zhao , Qi Deng , Zhidong Tang , Yumeng Yuan , Yongqi Hu , Yu Gu , Xufeng Kou , Yajun Ha