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We discuss the current state of knowledge of stable homotopy groups of spheres. We describe a new computational method that yields a streamlined computation of the first 61 stable homotopy groups, and gives new information about the stable…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-05-25 Daniel C. Isaksen , Guozhen Wang , Zhouli Xu

In this paper, we determine the homotopy groups \pi_4(\Sigma K(A,1)) and \pi_5(\Sigma K(A,1)) for abelian groups A by using different facts and methods from group theory and homotopy theory: derived functors, the Carlsson simplicial…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2010-09-01 Roman Mikhailov , Jie Wu

The goal of this thesis is to prove that $\pi_4(S^3) \simeq \mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$ in homotopy type theory. In particular it is a constructive and purely homotopy-theoretic proof. We first recall the basic concepts of homotopy type theory,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Guillaume Brunerie

This paper is a continuation of the version I of the same title, which intends to clarify and expand the results in the last chapter of `the green book' by the second author. In particular, we give the stable homotopy groups of $p$-local…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2018-06-29 Hirofumi Nakai , Douglas C. Ravenel

The intended model of the homotopy type theories used in Univalent Foundations is the infinity-category of homotopy types, also known as infinity-groupoids. The problem of higher structures is that of constructing the homotopy types needed…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Ulrik Buchholtz

We denote by $\pi_k(R_n)$ the $k$-th homotopy group of the $n$-th rotation group $R_n$ and $\pi_k(R_n:2)$ the 2-primary components of it. We determine the group structures of $\pi_k(R_n:2)$ for $k = 23$ and $24$ by use of the fibration…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-07-02 Yoshihiro Hirato , Jin-ho Lee , Toshiyuki Miyauchi , Juno Mukai , Mariko Ohara

Let $p$ be a prime and let $\pi^n(X;\mathbb{Z}/p^r)=[X,M_n(\mathbb{Z}/p^r)]$ be the set of homotopy classes of based maps from CW-complexes $X$ into the mod $p^r$ Moore spaces $M_n(\mathbb{Z}/p^r)$ of degree $n$, where $\mathbb{Z}/p^r$…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-07-22 Pengcheng Li , Jianzhong Pan , Jie Wu

The content of this paper has no mathematical flaw except that the proof of the main theorem relies on the homotopy invariance of spectral invariants of topological Hamiltonian paths. Since the latter is still up in the air, the main result…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2012-06-12 Yong-Geun Oh

Given a simply connected, closed four manifold, we associate to it a simply connected, closed, spin five manifold. This leads to several consequences : the stable and unstable homotopy groups of such a four manifold is determined by its…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2015-12-29 Samik Basu , Somnath Basu

Homotopic morphisms of $\mathbb E$-triangles in extriangulated categories are introduced. Any morphism of $\mathbb E$-triangles is a composition of homotopic morphisms. Any morphism $(\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \alpha_3)$ of $\mathbb E$-triangles…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Chencheng Zhang , Xue-Song Lu , Pu Zhang

The Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem (PCSP for short) is a generalization of the well-studied Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The PCSP has its roots in such classic problems as the Approximate Graph Coloring and the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Arash Beikmohammadi , Andrei A. Bulatov

Given a diagram of Pi-algebras (graded groups equipped with an action of the primary homotopy operations), we ask whether it can be realized as the homotopy groups of a diagram of spaces. The answer given here is in the form of an…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2009-04-03 David Blanc , Mark W Johnson , James M Turner

For closed oriented manifolds, we establish oriented homotopy invariance of higher signatures that come from the fundamental group of a large class of orientable 3-manifolds, including the ``piecewise geometric'' ones in the sense of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Michel Matthey , Hervé Oyono-Oyono , Wolfgang Pitsch

In this paper, we give an unstable approach of the May-Lawrence matrix Toda bracket, which becomes a useful tool for the theory of determinations of unstable homotopy groups. Then, we give a generalization of the classical isomorphisms…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Juxin Yang , Toshiyuki Miyauchi , Juno Mukai

It is well-known how to compute the structure of the second homotopy group of a space, $X$, as a module over the fundamental group, $\pi_1X$, using the homology of the universal cover and the Hurewicz isomorphism. We describe a new method…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-09-26 Hans-Joachim Baues , Beatrice Bleile

The realization problem asks: When does an algebraic complex arise, up to homotopy, from a geometric complex? In the case of 2- dimensional algebraic complexes, this is equivalent to the D2 problem, which asks when homological methods can…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2023-12-22 Wajid Mannan

For given spaces $X$ and $Y$, let $map(X,Y)$ and $map_\ast(X,Y)$ be the unbased and based mapping spaces from $X$ to $Y$, equipped with compact-open topology respectively. Then let $map(X,Y;f)$ and $map_\ast(X,Y;g)$ be the path component of…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2015-10-07 Jin-ho Lee

Group structures of the 2-primary components of the 31-stem homotopy groups of spheres were studied by Oda in 1979. There are, however, two incompletely determined groups. In this paper, our investigation with Toda's composition method…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-04 Tomohisa Inoue , Juno Mukai

We extend the concept of a Hubbard tree, well established and useful in the theory of polynomial dynamics, to the dynamics of transcendental entire functions. We show that Hubbard trees in the strict traditional sense, as invariant compact…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-09-01 David Pfrang , Michael Rothgang , Dierk Schleicher

The aim of this paper is to define and study the 3-category of extensions of Picard 2-stacks over a site S and to furnish a geometrical description of the cohomology groups Ext^i of length 3 complexes of abelian sheaves. More precisely, our…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-02-03 Cristiana Bertolin , Ahmet Emin Tatar