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Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) stands as one of the most effective and scalable methods for training transferable vision models using paired image and text data. CLIP models are trained using contrastive loss, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Lijie Fan , Dilip Krishnan , Phillip Isola , Dina Katabi , Yonglong Tian

Recent advancements in image understanding have benefited from the extensive use of web image-text pairs. However, video understanding remains a challenge despite the availability of substantial web video-text data. This difficulty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Wei Li , Hehe Fan , Yongkang Wong , Mohan Kankanhalli , Yi Yang

Large web-sourced multimodal datasets have powered a slew of new methods for learning general-purpose visual representations, advancing the state of the art in computer vision and revolutionizing zero- and few-shot recognition. One crucial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Pratyush Maini , Sachin Goyal , Zachary C. Lipton , J. Zico Kolter , Aditi Raghunathan

Large language models (LLMs)-based image captioning has the capability of describing objects not explicitly observed in training data; yet novel objects occur frequently, necessitating the requirement of sustaining up-to-date object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Jiaxuan Li , Duc Minh Vo , Akihiro Sugimoto , Hideki Nakayama

Pre-trained representations are becoming crucial for many NLP and perception tasks. While representation learning in NLP has transitioned to training on raw text without human annotations, visual and vision-language representations still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chao Jia , Yinfei Yang , Ye Xia , Yi-Ting Chen , Zarana Parekh , Hieu Pham , Quoc V. Le , Yunhsuan Sung , Zhen Li , Tom Duerig

A major challenge in text-video and text-audio retrieval is the lack of large-scale training data. This is unlike image-captioning, where datasets are in the order of millions of samples. To close this gap we propose a new video mining…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Arsha Nagrani , Paul Hongsuck Seo , Bryan Seybold , Anja Hauth , Santiago Manen , Chen Sun , Cordelia Schmid

This paper introduces the ColorSwap dataset, designed to assess and improve the proficiency of multimodal models in matching objects with their colors. The dataset is comprised of 2,000 unique image-caption pairs, grouped into 1,000…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Jirayu Burapacheep , Ishan Gaur , Agam Bhatia , Tristan Thrush

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has advanced the performance for many vision-language tasks. However, most existing pre-trained models only excel in either understanding-based tasks or generation-based tasks. Furthermore, performance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Junnan Li , Dongxu Li , Caiming Xiong , Steven Hoi

CLIP is a seminal multimodal model that maps images and text into a shared representation space through contrastive learning on billions of image-caption pairs. Inspired by the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs), we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Weiquan Huang , Aoqi Wu , Yifan Yang , Xufang Luo , Yuqing Yang , Usman Naseem , Chunyu Wang , Chunyu Wang , Qi Dai , Xiyang Dai , Dongdong Chen , Chong Luo , Lili Qiu , Liang Hu

The objective in this paper is to improve the performance of text-to-image retrieval. To this end, we introduce a new framework that can boost the performance of large-scale pre-trained vision-language models, so that they can be used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Guanqi Zhan , Yuanpei Liu , Kai Han , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

Recent retrieval-augmented image captioning methods incorporate external knowledge to compensate for the limitations in comprehending complex scenes. However, current approaches face challenges in relation modeling: (1) the representation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiaosheng Long , Hanyu Wang , Zhentao Song , Kun Luo , Hongde Liu

The advent of vision-language pre-training techniques enhanced substantial progress in the development of models for image captioning. However, these models frequently produce generic captions and may omit semantically important image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Noam Rotstein , David Bensaid , Shaked Brody , Roy Ganz , Ron Kimmel

Vision-language models for Earth observation (EO) typically rely on the visual spectrum of data as the only model input, thus failing to leverage the rich spectral information available in the multispectral channels recorded by satellites.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Clive Tinashe Marimo , Benedikt Blumenstiel , Maximilian Nitsche , Johannes Jakubik , Thomas Brunschwiler

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) is a popular foundation model, supporting from zero-shot classification, retrieval to encoders for multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Although CLIP is successfully trained on…

High-quality textual training data is essential for the success of multimodal data processing tasks, yet outputs from image captioning models like BLIP and GIT often contain errors and anomalies that are difficult to rectify using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Elyas Meguellati , Nardiena Pratama , Shazia Sadiq , Gianluca Demartini

Text-to-image models have rapidly evolved from casual creative tools to professional-grade systems, achieving unprecedented levels of image quality and realism. Yet, most models are trained to map short prompts into detailed images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Eyal Gutflaish , Eliran Kachlon , Hezi Zisman , Tal Hacham , Nimrod Sarid , Alexander Visheratin , Saar Huberman , Gal Davidi , Guy Bukchin , Kfir Goldberg , Ron Mokady

Groundbreaking language-vision architectures like CLIP and DALL-E proved the utility of training on large amounts of noisy image-text data, without relying on expensive accurate labels used in standard vision unimodal supervised learning.…

The availability of large-scale image captioning and visual question answering datasets has contributed significantly to recent successes in vision-and-language pre-training. However, these datasets are often collected with overrestrictive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Soravit Changpinyo , Piyush Sharma , Nan Ding , Radu Soricut

Image captioning has drawn considerable attention from the natural language processing and computer vision fields. Aiming to reduce the reliance on curated data, several studies have explored image captioning without any humanly-annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Rui Fonseca , Bruno Martins , Gil Rocha

Despite the recent success of image-text contrastive models like CLIP and SigLIP, these models often struggle with vision-centric tasks that demand high-fidelity image understanding, such as counting, depth estimation, and fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zineng Tang , Long Lian , Seun Eisape , XuDong Wang , Roei Herzig , Adam Yala , Alane Suhr , Trevor Darrell , David M. Chan