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This work delves into the expanding role of large language models (LLMs) in generating artificial data. LLMs are increasingly employed to create a variety of outputs, including annotations, preferences, instruction prompts, simulated…

This research pioneers the use of fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs), presenting a significant and novel contribution in integrating AI to enhance academic research methodologies. Our…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Teo Susnjak , Peter Hwang , Napoleon H. Reyes , Andre L. C. Barczak , Timothy R. McIntosh , Surangika Ranathunga

Instruction tuning, a specialized technique to enhance large language model (LLM) performance via instruction datasets, relies heavily on the quality of employed data. Existing quality improvement methods alter instruction data through…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Yang Xu , Yongqiang Yao , Yufan Huang , Mengnan Qi , Maoquan Wang , Bin Gu , Neel Sundaresan

The training of large language models (LLMs) is expensive. In this paper, we study data-efficient approaches for pre-training LLMs, i.e., techniques that aim to optimize the Pareto frontier of model quality and training resource/data…

In this work, we introduce a methodology for alignment designed to enhance the ability of large language models (LLMs) to articulate their reasoning (self-explanation) even in the absence of annotated rationale explanations. Our alignment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Luis Felipe Villa-Arenas , Ata Nizamoglu , Qianli Wang , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled the industry to develop various AI-based services. Instruction tuning is considered essential in adapting foundation models for target domains to provide high-quality services…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Jungwoo Kim , Minsang Kim , Sungjin Lee

The creation of instruction data and evaluation benchmarks for serving Large language models often involves enormous human annotation. This issue becomes particularly pronounced when rapidly developing such resources for a non-English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Yikun Sun , Zhen Wan , Nobuhiro Ueda , Sakiko Yahata , Fei Cheng , Chenhui Chu , Sadao Kurohashi

The development of Large Language Models (LLMs) often confronts challenges stemming from the heavy reliance on human annotators in the reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) framework, or the frequent and costly external queries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shangding Gu , Alois Knoll , Ming Jin

Recent AI agents, such as ChatGPT and LLaMA, primarily rely on instruction tuning and reinforcement learning to calibrate the output of large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, ensuring the outputs are harmless and helpful.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Jingxin Xu , Guoshun Nan , Sheng Guan , Sicong Leng , Yilian Liu , Zixiao Wang , Yuyang Ma , Zhili Zhou , Yanzhao Hou , Xiaofeng Tao

Recently, there has been a surge in the development of advanced intelligent generative content (AIGC), especially large language models (LLMs). However, for many downstream tasks, it is necessary to fine-tune LLMs using private data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Zihan Fang , Zheng Lin , Zhe Chen , Xianhao Chen , Yue Gao , Yuguang Fang

Large language models (LLMs) alignment aims to ensure that the behavior of LLMs meets human preferences. While collecting data from multiple fine-grained, aspect-specific preferences becomes more and more feasible, existing alignment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jia Zhang , Yao Liu , Chen-Xi Zhang , Yi Liu , Yi-Xuan Jin , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Synthetic data has the potential to improve the performance, training efficiency, and privacy of real training examples. Nevertheless, existing approaches for synthetic text generation are mostly heuristics and cannot generate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Dang Nguyen , Zeman Li , Mohammadhossein Bateni , Vahab Mirrokni , Meisam Razaviyayn , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Learning from human feedback has become a pivot technique in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, acquiring vast and premium human feedback is bottlenecked by time, labor, and human capability, resulting in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Ning Ding , Guanming Yao , Bingxiang He , Wei Zhu , Yuan Ni , Guotong Xie , Ruobing Xie , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows enable tasks requiring extensive information integration but are limited by the scarcity of high-quality, diverse datasets for long-context instruction tuning. Existing data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Jiaxi Li , Xingxing Zhang , Xun Wang , Xiaolong Huang , Li Dong , Liang Wang , Si-Qing Chen , Wei Lu , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) are initially pretrained for broad capabilities and then finetuned with instruction-following datasets to improve their performance in interacting with humans. Despite advances in finetuning, a standardized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yihan Cao , Yanbin Kang , Chi Wang , Lichao Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have demonstrated their ability to understand natural language and generate complex code snippets. This paper introduces a novel Large Language Model Evolutionary Algorithm (LLaMEA) framework,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Niki van Stein , Thomas Bäck

Integrating free-text explanations to in-context learning of large language models (LLM) is shown to elicit strong reasoning capabilities along with reasonable explanations. In this paper, we consider the problem of leveraging the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Shiyang Li , Jianshu Chen , Yelong Shen , Zhiyu Chen , Xinlu Zhang , Zekun Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Baolin Peng , Yi Mao , Wenhu Chen , Xifeng Yan

The tool-use Large Language Models (LLMs) that integrate with external Python interpreters have significantly enhanced mathematical reasoning capabilities for open-source LLMs, while tool-free methods chose another track: augmenting math…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Shuo Yin , Weihao You , Zhilong Ji , Guoqiang Zhong , Jinfeng Bai

Instruction-following has emerged as a crucial capability for large language models (LLMs). However, existing approaches often rely on pre-existing documents or external resources to synthesize instruction-following data, which limits their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Tingfeng Hui , Pengyu Zhu , Bowen Ping , Ling Tang , Guanting Dong , Yaqi Zhang , Sen Su

Current large language models (LLMs) generally show a significant performance gap in alignment between English and other languages. To bridge this gap, existing research typically leverages the model's responses in English as a reference to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Xue Zhang , Yunlong Liang , Fandong Meng , Songming Zhang , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou
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