Related papers: Optical microscope with nanometer longitudinal res…
A simple method was developed to observe the interference patterns of the light reflected by the interfaces of thin liquid films. Employing a fluorescent microscope with epi-illumination, we collected the 2D patterns of interference fringes…
Astronomers usually need the highest angular resolution possible, but the blurring effect of diffraction imposes a fundamental limit on the image quality from any single telescope. Interferometry allows light collected at widely-separated…
Optical imaging with microarcsecond resolution will reveal details across and outside stellar surfaces but requires kilometer-scale interferometers, challenging to realize either on the ground or in space. Intensity interferometry,…
We describe a diffraction microscopy technique based on refractive optics to study structural variations in crystals. The X-ray beam diffracted by a crystal was magnified by beryllium parabolic refractive lenses on a 2D X-ray camera. The…
Interfering liquid surface waves are generated by electrically driven vertical oscillations of two or more equispaced pins immersed in a liquid (water). The corresponding intensity distribution, resulting from diffraction of monochromatic…
With the advent of microsphere assisted microscopy in 2011, this technique emerged as a simple and easy way to obtain optical super-resolution. Although the possible mechanisms of imaging by microspheres are debated in the literature, most…
Nonlinear interferometers with correlated photons hold a promise to advance optical characterization and metrology techniques by improving their performance and affordability. Nonlinear interferometers offer the sub-shot noise phase…
We utilize the localization analysis method to precisely determine the light beam positions with the spatial separation beyond the optical diffraction limit. By such a direct spatial measurement, the associated optical setup is built to…
The resolution of a conventional telescope used to image visible-light synchrotron radiation is often limited by diffraction effects. To improve resolution, the double-slit interferometer method was developed at KEK and has since become…
We describe a method of low-coherence interferometry based optical profilometry using standard light-emitting diode (LED) illumination and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors. A line-field illumination strategy…
A long-held vision has been to realize diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis over kilometer baselines. This will enable imaging of stellar surfaces and their environments, and reveal interacting gas flows in binary systems. An…
A new type of atomic interferometer is proposed, in which the traditional method of measuring the state of an atom is replaced by the technique of polarization spectroscopy using the working substance of a clot of condensate of two-level…
We probe the motion of a 6 $\mu g$ magnetically levitated superconducting microsphere using optical interferometry at 3 K, achieving a resolution better than 1 $nm/ \sqrt{Hz}$, and use the measured signal to feedback-cool its motion. The…
Various methods have been introduced to measure the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light, from fork holograms to Dove prism interferometers, from tilted lenses to triangular apertures - each with their own benefits and limitations. Here…
In this work, we present a novel technique to directly measure the phase shift of the optical signal scattered by single plasmonic nanoparticles in a diffraction-limited laser focus. We accomplish this by equipping an inverted confocal…
Multi-object or integral field spectrographs are recognized techniques for achieving simultaneous spectroscopic observations of different or extended sky objects with a high multiplex factor. In this communication is described a…
Compact interferometers, called phasemeters, make it possible to operate over a large range while ensuring a high resolution. Such performance is required for the stabilization of large instruments dedicated to experimental physics such as…
Optical phase determination is an important and established tool in diverse fields such as astronomy, biology, or quantum optics. There is increasing interest in using a lower number of total photons. However, different noise sources, such…
This publication presents a novel interferometric method for the simultaneous spatially resolved analysis of an object under test regarding the phase transmission function and the magnitude and orientation of dichroism. Analogous to the…
In this chapter we present a brief summary of methods, instruments and calibration techniques used in modern astronomical polarimetry in the optical wavelengths. We describe the properties of various polarization devices and detectors used…