English
Related papers

Related papers: Ablation Based Counterfactuals

200 papers

Ablation studies are essential for understanding the contribution of individual components within complex models, yet their application in nonparametric treatment effect estimation remains limited. This paper emphasizes the importance of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-28 Hugo Gobato Souto , Francisco Louzada

Foundation models trained on web-scraped datasets propagate societal biases to downstream tasks. While counterfactual generation enables bias analysis, existing methods introduce artifacts by modifying contextual elements like clothing and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Kirill Sirotkin , Marcos Escudero-Viñolo , Pablo Carballeira , Mayug Maniparambil , Catarina Barata , Noel E. O'Connor

Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) have become a essential tool for the analysis of complex stochastic models. Earlier, Grelaud et al. (2009) advocated the use of ABC for Bayesian model choice in the specific case of Gibbs random…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-19 Christian P. Robert , Jean-Marie Cornuet , Jean-Michel Marin , Natesh Pillai

Dataset distillation aims to encapsulate the rich information contained in dataset into a compact distilled dataset but it faces performance degradation as the image-per-class (IPC) setting or image resolution grows larger. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Lexiao Zou , Gongwei Chen , Yanda Chen , Miao Zhang

State-of-the-art approaches for Knowledge Base Completion (KBC) exploit deep neural networks trained with both false and true assertions: positive assertions are explicitly taken from the knowledge base, whereas negative ones are generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Sarthak Dash , Alfio Gliozzo

Counterfactual explanations and adversarial attacks have a related goal: flipping output labels with minimal perturbations regardless of their characteristics. Yet, adversarial attacks cannot be used directly in a counterfactual explanation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Guillaume Jeanneret , Loïc Simon , Frédéric Jurie

We introduce a new attack paradigm that embeds hidden adversarial capabilities directly into diffusion models via fine-tuning, without altering their observable behavior or requiring modifications during inference. Unlike prior approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Lucas Beerens , Desmond J. Higham

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) stands as a crucial task in predicting the sentiment polarity associated with identified aspects within text. However, a notable challenge in ABSA lies in precisely determining the aspects' boundaries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Shunyu Liu , Jie Zhou , Qunxi Zhu , Qin Chen , Qingchun Bai , Jun Xiao , Liang He

Visual Counterfactual Explanations (VCEs) are an important tool to understand the decisions of an image classifier. They are 'small' but 'realistic' semantic changes of the image changing the classifier decision. Current approaches for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Maximilian Augustin , Valentyn Boreiko , Francesco Croce , Matthias Hein

Estimating the counterfactual outcome of treatment is essential for decision-making in public health and clinical science, among others. Often, treatments are administered in a sequential, time-varying manner, leading to an exponentially…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-16 Shenghao Wu , Wenbin Zhou , Minshuo Chen , Shixiang Zhu

Diffusion models have shown remarkable abilities in generating realistic and high-quality images from text prompts. However, a trained model remains largely black-box; little do we know about the roles of its components in exhibiting a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Quang H. Nguyen , Hoang Phan , Khoa D. Doan

Counterfactual instances offer human-interpretable insight into the local behaviour of machine learning models. We propose a general framework to generate sparse, in-distribution counterfactual model explanations which match a desired…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Arnaud Van Looveren , Janis Klaise , Giovanni Vacanti , Oliver Cobb

Despite the excelling performance of machine learning models, understanding their decisions remains a long-standing goal. Although commonly used attribution methods from explainable AI attempt to address this issue, they typically rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Juan Miguel Lopez Alcaraz , Nils Strodthoff

Explainability for machine learning models has gained considerable attention within the research community given the importance of deploying more reliable machine-learning systems. In computer vision applications, generative counterfactual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Pau Rodriguez , Massimo Caccia , Alexandre Lacoste , Lee Zamparo , Issam Laradji , Laurent Charlin , David Vazquez

Anomaly detection, the technique of identifying abnormal samples using only normal samples, has attracted widespread interest in industry. Existing one-model-per-category methods often struggle with limited generalization capabilities due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Jiawei Zhan , Jinxiang Lai , Bin-Bin Gao , Jun Liu , Xiaochen Chen , Chengjie Wang

Cutting-edge diffusion models produce images with high quality and customizability, enabling them to be used for commercial art and graphic design purposes. But do diffusion models create unique works of art, or are they replicating content…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Gowthami Somepalli , Vasu Singla , Micah Goldblum , Jonas Geiping , Tom Goldstein

Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) enables statistical inference in simulator-based models whose likelihoods are difficult to calculate but easy to simulate from. ABC constructs a kernel-type approximation to the posterior distribution…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-02 Yuexi Wang , Tetsuya Kaji , Veronika Ročková

Predicting counterfactual distributions in complex dynamical systems is essential for scientific modeling and decision-making in domains such as public health and medicine. However, existing methods often rely on point estimates or purely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Wenhao Mu , Zhi Cao , Mehmed Uludag , Alexander Rodríguez

Many visual scenes can be described as compositions of latent factors. Effective recognition, reasoning, and editing often require not only forming such compositional representations, but also solving the decomposition problem. One popular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Calvin Yeung , Ali Zakeri , Zhuowen Zou , Mohsen Imani

Understanding predictions made by deep neural networks is notoriously difficult, but also crucial to their dissemination. As all machine learning based methods, they are as good as their training data, and can also capture unwanted biases.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Amir Feder , Nadav Oved , Uri Shalit , Roi Reichart