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Diffusion models typically employ static or heuristic classifier-free guidance (CFG) schedules, which often fail to adapt across timesteps and noise conditions. In this work, we introduce a quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) controller…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-18 Chi-Sheng Chen , En-Jui Kuo

Quantum Annealing (QA) is a quantum computing paradigm for solving combinatorial optimization problems formulated as Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems. An essential step in QA is minor embedding, which maps the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Riccardo Nembrini , Maurizio Ferrari Dacrema , Paolo Cremonesi

One of the significant challenges in reinforcement learning (RL) when dealing with noise is estimating latent states from observations. Causality provides rigorous theoretical support for ensuring that the underlying states can be uniquely…

Parameterised quantum circuit (PQC) based Quantum Reinforcement Learning (QRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm at the intersection of quantum computing and reinforcement learning (RL). By design, PQCs create hybrid quantum-classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-24 Javier Lazaro , Juan-Ignacio Vazquez , Pablo Garcia-Bringas

Deep learning in combination with improved training techniques and high computational power has led to recent advances in the field of reinforcement learning (RL) and to successful robotic RL applications such as in-hand manipulation.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Melvin Laux , Oleg Arenz , Jan Peters , Joni Pajarinen

Differentiable quantum architecture search (DQAS) is a gradient-based framework to design quantum circuits automatically in the NISQ era. It was motivated by such as low fidelity of quantum hardware, low flexibility of circuit architecture,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Yize Sun , Yunpu Ma , Volker Tresp

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a trending paradigm for training reasoning large language models (LLMs). However, due to the autoregressive decoding nature of LLMs, the rollout process becomes the efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yuhang Li , Reena Elangovan , Xin Dong , Priyadarshini Panda , Brucek Khailany

Learning representations for reinforcement learning (RL) has shown much promise for continuous control. We propose an efficient representation learning method using only a self-supervised latent-state consistency loss. Our approach employs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Aidan Scannell , Kalle Kujanpää , Yi Zhao , Mohammadreza Nakhaei , Arno Solin , Joni Pajarinen

The emergence of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) is propelled by advancements in quantum computing (QC) and machine learning (ML), particularly through quantum neural networks (QNN) built on variational quantum circuits (VQC). These…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-26 Samuel Yen-Chi Chen

How to implement multi-qubit gates efficiently with high precision is essential for realizing universal fault tolerant computing. For a physical system with some external controllable parameters, it is a great challenge to control the time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Zheng An , D. L. Zhou

Deep Q-Network (DQN) based multi-agent systems (MAS) for reinforcement learning (RL) use various schemes where in the agents have to learn and communicate. The learning is however specific to each agent and communication may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Abdul Mueed Hafiz , Ghulam Mohiuddin Bhat

Finding optimal control strategies to suppress quantum thermalization for arbitrarily initial states, the so-called quantum nonergodicity control, is important for quantum information science and technologies. Previous control methods…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Li-Li Ye , Ying-Cheng Lai

Closed loop quantum control uses measurement to control the dynamics of a quantum system to achieve either a desired target state or target dynamics. In the case when the quantum Hamiltonian is quadratic in ${x}$ and ${p}$, there are known…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-15 Sangkha Borah , Bijita Sarma , Michael Kewming , Gerard J. Milburn , Jason Twamley

In the field of quantum computing, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) represent a pivotal category of quantum solutions across a broad spectrum of applications. These algorithms demonstrate significant potential for realising quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Abhishek Sadhu , Aritra Sarkar , Akash Kundu

In reinforcement learning, an agent interacts sequentially with an environment to maximize a reward, receiving only partial, probabilistic feedback. This creates a fundamental exploration-exploitation trade-off: the agent must explore to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Josep Lumbreras , Ruo Cheng Huang , Yanglin Hu , Marco Fanizza , Mile Gu

We consider the problem of multiple agents sensing and acting in environments with the goal of maximising their shared utility. In these environments, agents must learn communication protocols in order to share information that is needed to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-25 Jakob N. Foerster , Yannis M. Assael , Nando de Freitas , Shimon Whiteson

Safe and efficient autonomous driving maneuvers in an interactive and complex environment can be considerably challenging due to the unpredictable actions of other surrounding agents that may be cooperative or adversarial in their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Hanhan Li

We employ the Deep Q-Learning algorithm with Experience Replay to train an agent capable of achieving a high-level of play in the L-Game while self-learning from low-dimensional states. We also employ variable batch size for training in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Petros Giannakopoulos , Yannis Cotronis

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have been around for decades and employed to solve various sequential decision-making problems. These algorithms however have faced great challenges when dealing with high-dimensional environments. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-01 Thanh Thi Nguyen , Ngoc Duy Nguyen , Saeid Nahavandi

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has established itself as a powerful tool for designing quantum circuits, which are essential for processing quantum information. RL applications have typically focused on circuits of small to intermediate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-17 Jan Olle , Oleg M. Yevtushenko , Florian Marquardt
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