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Although deep neural networks are successful for many tasks in the speech domain, the high computational and memory costs of deep neural networks make it difficult to directly deploy highperformance Neural Network systems on low-resource…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Tinglong Zhu , Xiaoyi Qin , Ming Li

In this work, we show a fundamental limitation in vocabulary adaptation approaches that use Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) tokenization scheme for fine-tuning pretrained language models (PLMs) to expert domains. Current approaches trivially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Gunjan Balde , Soumyadeep Roy , Mainack Mondal , Niloy Ganguly

Learning effective sentence representations is crucial for many Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, including semantic search, semantic textual similarity (STS), and clustering. While multiple transformer models have been developed for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Liya Wang , Jason Chou , Dave Rouck , Alex Tien , Diane M Baumgartner

In this work, a Bayesian approach to speaker normalization is proposed to compensate for the degradation in performance of a speaker independent speech recognition system. The speaker normalization method proposed herein uses the technique…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Dhananjay Ram , Debasis Kundu , Rajesh M. Hegde

Deep learning algorithm are increasingly used for speech enhancement (SE). In supervised methods, global and local information is required for accurate spectral mapping. A key restriction is often poor capture of key contextual information.…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-28 Jianqiao Cui , Stefan Bleeck

Vanilla pixel-level classifiers for semantic segmentation are based on a certain paradigm, involving the inner product of fixed prototypes obtained from the training set and pixel features in the test image. This approach, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Xiaowen Ma , Zhenliang Ni , Xinghao Chen

We propose VoiceTailor, a parameter-efficient speaker-adaptive text-to-speech (TTS) system, by equipping a pre-trained diffusion-based TTS model with a personalized adapter. VoiceTailor identifies pivotal modules that benefit from the…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Heeseung Kim , Sang-gil Lee , Jiheum Yeom , Che Hyun Lee , Sungwon Kim , Sungroh Yoon

Speaker identification typically involves three stages. First, a front-end speaker embedding model is trained to embed utterance and speaker profiles. Second, a scoring function is applied between a runtime utterance and each speaker…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-22 Zhenning Tan , Yuguang Yang , Eunjung Han , Andreas Stolcke

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models on various downstream tasks with whole parameters is prohibitively expensive. Hence, Parameter-efficient fine-tuning has attracted attention that only optimizes a few task-specific parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Zhen-Ru Zhang , Chuanqi Tan , Haiyang Xu , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Songfang Huang

The performance of automatic speaker verification (ASV) and anti-spoofing drops seriously under real-world domain mismatch conditions. The relaxed instance frequency-wise normalization (RFN), which normalizes the frequency components based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-10 Jin Li , Man-Wai Mak , Johan Rohdin , Kong Aik Lee , Hynek Hermansky

End-to-end models are fast replacing the conventional hybrid models in automatic speech recognition. Transformer, a sequence-to-sequence model, based on self-attention popularly used in machine translation tasks, has given promising results…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-19 Vishwas M. Shetty , Metilda Sagaya Mary N J , S. Umesh

We present an approach to Audio-Visual Speech Recognition that builds on a pre-trained Whisper model. To infuse visual information into this audio-only model, we extend it with an AV fusion module and LoRa adapters, one of the most…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Christopher Simic , Korbinian Riedhammer , Tobias Bocklet

Speaker identification systems in a real-world scenario are tasked to identify a speaker amongst a set of enrolled speakers given just a few samples for each enrolled speaker. This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of meta-learning and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-25 Ashutosh Chaubey , Sparsh Sinha , Susmita Ghose

While significant improvements have been made in recent years in terms of end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance, such improvements were obtained through the use of very large neural networks, unfit for embedded use on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Alex Bie , Bharat Venkitesh , Joao Monteiro , Md. Akmal Haidar , Mehdi Rezagholizadeh

OpenAI's Whisper Automated Speech Recognition model excels in generalizing across diverse datasets and domains. However, this broad adaptability can lead to diminished performance in tasks requiring recognition of specific vocabularies.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Vishakha Lall , Yisi Liu

Domain shift is a significant challenge in machine learning, particularly in medical applications where data distributions differ across institutions due to variations in data collection practices, equipment, and procedures. This can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Takumi Okuo , Shinnosuke Matsuo , Shota Harada , Kiyohito Tanaka , Ryoma Bise

Recently, semantic parsing has attracted much attention in the community. Although many neural modeling efforts have greatly improved the performance, it still suffers from the data scarcity issue. In this paper, we propose a novel semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Zechang Li , Yuxuan Lai , Yansong Feng , Dongyan Zhao

Foundation models (FMs), that are trained on broad data at scale and are adaptable to a wide range of downstream tasks, have brought large interest in the research community. Benefiting from the diverse data sources such as different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Bo Li , Dongseong Hwang , Zhouyuan Huo , Junwen Bai , Guru Prakash , Tara N. Sainath , Khe Chai Sim , Yu Zhang , Wei Han , Trevor Strohman , Francoise Beaufays

Machine translation models struggle when translating out-of-domain text, which makes domain adaptation a topic of critical importance. However, most domain adaptation methods focus on fine-tuning or training the entire or part of the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Pedro Henrique Martins , Zita Marinho , André F. T. Martins

Recently, convolution-augmented transformer (Conformer) has achieved promising performance in automatic speech recognition (ASR) and time-domain speech enhancement (SE), as it can capture both local and global dependencies in the speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ruizhe Cao , Sherif Abdulatif , Bin Yang