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Optical spectroscopy of atoms and molecules is a field where one usually operates very far from thermal equilibrium conditions. A prominent example is spectroscopy of thin vapors, where the pump irradiation leads to a non equilibrium…
A magneto-optical trap of cesium atoms was generated by applying a circularly polarized cooling laser beam onto a reflective two-dimensional diffraction grating with an aperture and by retroreflecting the incident beam passing through the…
We present an apparatus designed for studies of atom-surface interactions using quantum degenerate gases of $^{85}$Rb and $^{87}$Rb in the vicinity of a room temperature dielectric surface. The surface to be investigated is a super-polished…
We present efficient theoretical tools for describing the optical pumping of atoms by light propagating at arbitrary directions with respect to an external magnetic field, at buffer-gas pressures that are small enough for velocity-selective…
The generation of compact, high-energy ion beams is one of the most promising applications of intense laser-matter interactions, but the control of the beam spectral quality remains an outstanding challenge. We show that in radiation…
We report on a strategy to maximize the number of chromium atoms transferred from a magneto-optical trap into an optical trap through accumulation in metastable states via strong optical pumping. We analyse how the number of atoms in a…
Optical pumping is an efficient method for initializing and maintaining atomic spin ensembles in a well-defined quantum spin state. Standard optical-pumping methods orient the spins by transferring photonic angular momentum to spin…
We report the observation of the optomechanical strain applied to thermal and to quantum degenerate $^{87}\text{Rb}$ atomic clouds when illuminated by an intense, far detuned homogenous laser beam. In this regime the atomic cloud acts as a…
Vacuum-stimulated Raman scattering in strongly coupled atom-cavity systems allows one to generate free-running single photon pulses on demand. Most properties of the emitted photons are well defined, provided spontaneous emission processes…
In nuclear and atomic physics experiments, charged ion beams often need to be guided from the ion production to the experimental site. In the PUMA experiment, an ion source beamline was developed, which can be operated with up to…
We describe Ti:Sapphire pumped optical parametric amplification of carrier-envelope phase stabilized few-cycle ($<10$fs) mid-infrared pulses in type I $\beta$-barium borate. Experimental measurements show a $\times3.5$ amplification factor…
Ultra-intense MeV photon and neutron beams are indispensable tools in many research fields such as nuclear, atomic and material science as well as in medical and biophysical applications. For astrophysical applications aimed for laboratory…
We study systems of fully polarized ultracold atomic gases obeying Fermi statistics. The atomic transition interacts dispersively with a mode of a standing-wave cavity, which is coherently pumped by a laser. In this setup, the intensity of…
We propose a method for laser cooling and trapping a substantial class of polar molecules, and in particular titanium (II) oxide (TiO). This method uses pulsed electric fields to nonadiabatically remix the ground-state magnetic sublevels of…
We present the production of quantum degenerate, superfluid gases of $^6$Li through direct evaporative cooling in a cavity-enhanced optical dipole trap. The entire evaporative cooling process is performed in a trap created by the TEM$_{00}$…
We investigate theoretically the optical properties of an atomic gas which has been cooled by the laser cooling method velocity-selective coherent population trapping. We demonstrate that the application of a weak laser pulse gives rise to…
In a thermal ensemble of atoms driven by coherent fields, how does evolution of quantum superposition compete with classical dynamics of optical pumping and atomic diffusion? Is it optical pumping that first prepares a thermal ensemble,…
We describe an experimental apparatus capable of achieving a high loading rate of strontium atoms in a magneto-optical trap operating in a high vacuum environment. A key innovation of this setup is a two dimensional magneto-optical trap…
A high energy beam absorber has been built for the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) at Fermilab. In the facility's initial configuration, an electron beam will be accelerated through 3 TTF-type or ILC-type RF cryomodules to…
The dynamics triggered by the impact of an ion onto a solid surface has been explored mainly by theoretical modeling or computer simulation to date. Results indicate that the microscopic non-equilibrium relaxation processes triggered by the…