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Generating confidence calibrated outputs is of utmost importance for the applications of deep neural networks in safety-critical decision-making systems. The output of a neural network is a probability distribution where the scores are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Chihuang Liu , Joseph JaJa

Label smoothing is a widely used technique in various domains, such as text classification, image classification and speech recognition, known for effectively combating model overfitting. However, there is little fine-grained analysis on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Yijie Gao , Shijing Si , Hua Luo , Haixia Sun , Yugui Zhang

Machine unlearning (MU) is gaining increasing attention due to the need to remove or modify predictions made by machine learning (ML) models. While training models have become more efficient and accurate, the importance of unlearning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Haoran Xie , Lin Li , Xiaofeng Zhu , Qing Li

With the increasing demand for the right to be forgotten, machine unlearning (MU) has emerged as a vital tool for enhancing trust and regulatory compliance by enabling the removal of sensitive data influences from machine learning (ML)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yuhao Sun , Yihua Zhang , Gaowen Liu , Hongtao Xie , Sijia Liu

Sparse Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) based human motion capture has gained significant momentum, driven by the adaptation of fundamental AI tools such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and transformers that are tailored for temporal…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Zhaorui Meng , Lu Yin , Yangqing Hou , Anjun Chen , Shihui Guo , Yipeng Qin

Machine unlearning has been used to remove unwanted knowledge acquired by large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we examine machine unlearning from an optimization perspective, framing it as a regularized multi-task optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Zhiqi Bu , Xiaomeng Jin , Bhanukiran Vinzamuri , Anil Ramakrishna , Kai-Wei Chang , Volkan Cevher , Mingyi Hong

It has been hypothesized that label smoothing can reduce overfitting and improve generalization, and current empirical evidence seems to corroborate these effects. However, there is a lack of mathematical understanding of when and why such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Blair Chen , Liu Ziyin , Zihao Wang , Paul Pu Liang

Label smoothing (LS) is a popular regularisation method for training neural networks as it is effective in improving test accuracy and is simple to implement. ``Hard'' one-hot labels are ``smoothed'' by uniformly distributing probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Guoxuan Xia , Olivier Laurent , Gianni Franchi , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

Recent studies indicate that current adversarial attack methods are flawed and easy to fail when encountering some deliberately designed defense. Sometimes even a slight modification in the model details will invalidate the attack. We find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Chaohao Fu , Hongbin Chen , Na Ruan , Weijia Jia

Due to growing privacy concerns, machine unlearning, which aims at enabling machine learning models to ``forget" specific training data, has received increasing attention. Among existing methods, influence-based unlearning has emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Jiawei Liu , Chenwang Wu , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

This paper proposes a method for machine learning from unlabeled data in the form of a time-series. The mapping that is learned is shown to extract slowly evolving information that would be useful for control applications, while efficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Per Rutquist

With the introduction of data protection and privacy regulations, it has become crucial to remove the lineage of data on demand from a machine learning (ML) model. In the last few years, there have been notable developments in machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ayush K Tarun , Vikram S Chundawat , Murari Mandal , Mohan Kankanhalli

Label Smoothing (LS) improves model generalization through penalizing models from generating overconfident output distributions. For each training sample the LS strategy smooths the one-hot encoded training signal by distributing its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Hongyu Guo

Despite the great success of state-of-the-art deep neural networks, several studies have reported models to be over-confident in predictions, indicating miscalibration. Label Smoothing has been proposed as a solution to the over-confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Shuang Ao , Stefan Rueger , Advaith Siddharthan

``The right to be forgotten'' ensured by laws for user data privacy becomes increasingly important. Machine unlearning aims to efficiently remove the effect of certain data points on the trained model parameters so that it can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Eli Chien , Haoyu Wang , Ziang Chen , Pan Li

Label smoothing is a widely studied regularization technique in machine learning. However, its potential for node classification in graph-structured data, spanning homophilic to heterophilic graphs, remains largely unexplored. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jaeseung Heo , Moonjeong Park , Dongwoo Kim

The current trend in data regulation requirements and privacy-preserving machine learning has emphasized the importance of machine unlearning. The naive approach to unlearning training data by retraining over the complement of the forget…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Junaid Iqbal Khan

Label smoothing regularization (LSR) has a great success in training deep neural networks by stochastic algorithms such as stochastic gradient descent and its variants. However, the theoretical understanding of its power from the view of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Yi Xu , Yuanhong Xu , Qi Qian , Hao Li , Rong Jin

It has been recently demonstrated that multi-generational self-distillation can improve generalization. Despite this intriguing observation, reasons for the enhancement remain poorly understood. In this paper, we first demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Zhilu Zhang , Mert R. Sabuncu

Unlearning algorithms aim to remove deleted data's influence from trained models at a cost lower than full retraining. However, prior guarantees of unlearning in literature are flawed and don't protect the privacy of deleted records. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-15 Rishav Chourasia , Neil Shah