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Related papers: MLLMGuard: A Multi-dimensional Safety Evaluation S…

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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in cross-modal understanding, but remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks through visual inputs despite robust textual safety mechanisms. These…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Yige Li , Jun Sun

As a prominent direction of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have garnered increased attention from both industry and academia. Building upon pre-trained LLMs, this family of models further…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Chaoyou Fu , Yi-Fan Zhang , Shukang Yin , Bo Li , Xinyu Fang , Sirui Zhao , Haodong Duan , Xing Sun , Ziwei Liu , Liang Wang , Caifeng Shan , Ran He

With the growing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), the safety of LLMs has raised significant concerns. However, there is still a lack of definitive standards for evaluating their safety due to the subjective nature of current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chuxue Cao , Han Zhu , Jiaming Ji , Qichao Sun , Zhenghao Zhu , Yinyu Wu , Juntao Dai , Yaodong Yang , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Since Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly being integrated into everyday tools and intelligent agents, growing concerns have arisen regarding their possible output of unsafe contents, ranging from toxic language and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yuping Yan , Yuhan Xie , Yuanshuai Li , Yingchao Yu , Lingjuan Lyu , Yaochu Jin

With the ubiquity of Large Language Models (LLMs), guardrails have become crucial to detect and defend against toxic content. However, with the increasing pervasiveness of LLMs in multilingual scenarios, their effectiveness in handling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yahan Yang , Soham Dan , Dan Roth , Insup Lee

Current vision large language models (VLLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities yet are prone to generate harmful content and are vulnerable to even the simplest jailbreaking attacks. Our initial analysis finds that this is due to the presence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Yongshuo Zong , Ondrej Bohdal , Tingyang Yu , Yongxin Yang , Timothy Hospedales

Various deep learning-based approaches utilizing pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been proposed for automated vulnerability detection. With recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), several studies have begun exploring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Junji Yu , Dong Wang , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

Vision-language models (VLMs), which process image and text inputs, are increasingly integrated into chat assistants and other consumer AI applications. Without proper safeguards, however, VLMs may give harmful advice (e.g. how to…

As large language models (LLMs) become deeply embedded in daily life, the urgent need for safer moderation systems that distinguish between naive and harmful requests while upholding appropriate censorship boundaries has never been greater.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Naseem Machlovi , Maryam Saleki , Ruhul Amin , Mohamed Rahouti , Shawqi Al-Maliki , Junaid Qadir , Mohamed M. Abdallah , Ala Al-Fuqaha

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress, yet their safety alignment remains limited. Typically, current open-source MLLMs rely on the alignment inherited from their language module to avoid harmful…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yanbo Wang , Jiyang Guan , Jian Liang , Ran He

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks, they pose potential safety concerns, such as the ``jailbreak'' problem, wherein malicious instructions can manipulate LLMs to exhibit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yue Deng , Wenxuan Zhang , Sinno Jialin Pan , Lidong Bing

The increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) across enterprise and mission-critical domains has underscored the urgent need for robust guardrailing systems that ensure safety, reliability, and compliance. Existing solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Karthik Avinash , Nikhil Pareek , Rishav Hada

Recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled unified perception-reasoning capabilities, yet these systems remain highly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety alignment and induce harmful behaviors.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Xiaojun Jia , Jie Liao , Qi Guo , Teng Ma , Simeng Qin , Ranjie Duan , Tianlin Li , Yihao Huang , Zhitao Zeng , Dongxian Wu , Yiming Li , Wenqi Ren , Xiaochun Cao , Yang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in software development, but their level of software security expertise remains unclear. This work systematically evaluates the security comprehension of five leading LLMs: GPT-4o-Mini,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Natalie Sekerak , Antonio Karam , Maria Leal , Arvin Islam-Gomes , Joanna C. S. Santos

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) enable interaction over both text and images, but their safety behavior can be driven by unimodal shortcuts instead of true joint intent understanding. We introduce CSR-Bench, a benchmark for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yuxuan Liu , Yuntian Shi , Kun Wang , Haoting Shen , Kun Yang

Safety lies at the core of developing and deploying large language models (LLMs). However, previous safety benchmarks only concern the safety in one language, e.g. the majority language in the pretraining data such as English. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Wenxuan Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Chang Chen , Youliang Yuan , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Michael R. Lyu

Despite emerging efforts to enhance the safety of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), current approaches face two main shortcomings. 1) Existing safety-tuning datasets and benchmarks only partially consider how image-text interactions can yield…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youngwan Lee , Kangsan Kim , Kwanyong Park , Ilcahe Jung , Soojin Jang , Seanie Lee , Yong-Ju Lee , Sung Ju Hwang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited great performance in autonomously calling various tools in external environments, leading to better problem solving and task automation capabilities. However, these external tools also amplify…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Hongfei Xia , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Qian Yu , Yuhang Guo , Haifeng Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are essential for building general-purpose AI assistants; however, they pose increasing safety risks. How can we ensure safety alignment of MLLMs to prevent undesired behaviors? Going further, it is…

Integrated Speech and Large Language Models (SLMs) that can follow speech instructions and generate relevant text responses have gained popularity lately. However, the safety and robustness of these models remains largely unclear. In this…