English
Related papers

Related papers: Paraphrasing in Affirmative Terms Improves Negatio…

200 papers

With the increasing empirical success of distributional models of compositional semantics, it is timely to consider the types of textual logic that such models are capable of capturing. In this paper, we address shortcomings in the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Karl Moritz Hermann , Edward Grefenstette , Phil Blunsom

The task of natural language inference (NLI) is to identify the relation between the given premise and hypothesis. While recent NLI models achieve very high performance on individual datasets, they fail to generalize across similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Prasetya Ajie Utama , Andreas Rücklé , Iryna Gurevych

Natural language explanations play a fundamental role in Natural Language Inference (NLI) by revealing how premises logically entail hypotheses. Recent work has shown that the interaction of large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

The connections among natural language processing and argumentation theory are becoming stronger in the latest years, with a growing amount of works going in this direction, in different scenarios and applying heterogeneous techniques. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-06 Elena Cabrio , Serena Villata

In this paper, we study the complexity of evaluating Conjunctive Queries with negation (\cqneg). First, we present an algorithm with linear preprocessing time and constant delay enumeration for a class of CQs with negation called…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Hangdong Zhao , Austen Z. Fan , Xiating Ouyang , Paraschos Koutris

Large Language Models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet they frequently generate hallucinations outputs that are fluent but factually incorrect or unsupported. We propose Counterfactual Probing, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yijun Feng

Continuous word representation (aka word embedding) is a basic building block in many neural network-based models used in natural language processing tasks. Although it is widely accepted that words with similar semantics should be close to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Chengyue Gong , Di He , Xu Tan , Tao Qin , Liwei Wang , Tie-Yan Liu

Trustworthy language models should abstain from answering questions when they do not know the answer. However, the answer to a question can be unknown for a variety of reasons. Prior research has focused on the case in which the question is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Jeremy R. Cole , Michael J. Q. Zhang , Daniel Gillick , Julian Martin Eisenschlos , Bhuwan Dhingra , Jacob Eisenstein

From daily discussions to marketing ads to political statements, information manipulation is rife. It is increasingly more important that we have the right set of tools to defend ourselves from manipulative rhetoric, or fallacies. Suitable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Ryuta Arisaka , Ryoma Nakai , Yusuke Kawamoto , Takayuki Ito

In real-world debates, the most common way to counter an argument is to reason against its main point, that is, its conclusion. Existing work on the automatic generation of natural language counter-arguments does not address the relation to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Milad Alshomary , Henning Wachsmuth

Large Language Models (LLMs) can produce verbalized self-explanations, yet prior studies suggest that such rationales may not reliably reflect the model's true decision process. We ask whether these explanations nevertheless help users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Pingjun Hong , Benjamin Roth

State-of-the-art abstractive summarization systems frequently hallucinate content that is not supported by the source document, mainly due to noise in the training dataset. Existing methods opt to drop the noisy samples or tokens from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Meng Cao , Yue Dong , Jingyi He , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

Prompt-based methods have gained increasing attention on NLP and shown validity on many downstream tasks. Many works have focused on mining these methods' potential for knowledge extraction, but few explore their ability to make logical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Yitian Li , Jidong Tian , Hao He , Yaohui Jin

An interpretable system for open-domain reasoning needs to express its reasoning process in a transparent form. Natural language is an attractive representation for this purpose -- it is both highly expressive and easy for humans to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Kaj Bostrom , Xinyu Zhao , Swarat Chaudhuri , Greg Durrett

Current pre-trained language models have enabled remarkable improvements in downstream tasks, but it remains difficult to distinguish effects of statistical correlation from more systematic logical reasoning grounded on the understanding of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Jiaxuan Li , Lang Yu , Allyson Ettinger

Any system which performs goal-directed continual learning must not only learn incrementally but process and absorb information incrementally. Such a system also has to understand when its goals have been achieved. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Samira Abnar , Tania Bedrax-weiss , Tom Kwiatkowski , William W. Cohen

Negations are key to determining sentence meaning, making them essential for logical reasoning. Despite their importance, negations pose a substantial challenge for large language models (LLMs) and remain underexplored. We constructed and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Tereza Vrabcová , Marek Kadlčík , Petr Sojka , Michal Štefánik , Michal Spiegel

Information needs are naturally represented as questions. Automatic Natural-Language Question Answering (NLQA) has only recently become a practical task on a larger scale and without domain constraints. This paper gives a brief introduction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jochen L. Leidner

As machine translation (MT) systems progress at a rapid pace, questions of their adequacy linger. In this study we focus on negation, a universal, core property of human language that significantly affects the semantics of an utterance. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Md Mosharaf Hossain , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Eduardo Blanco , Alexis Palmer

We study question-answering over semi-structured data. We introduce a new way to apply the technique of semantic parsing by applying machine learning only to provide annotations that the system infers to be missing; all the other parsing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Kedar Dhamdhere , Kevin S. McCurley , Mukund Sundararajan , Ankur Taly