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Diffusion models have found valuable applications in anomaly detection by capturing the nominal data distribution and identifying anomalies via reconstruction. Despite their merits, they struggle to localize anomalies of varying scales,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Justin Tebbe , Jawad Tayyub

Diffusion generative models transform noise into data by inverting a process that progressively adds noise to data samples. Inspired by concepts from the renormalization group in physics, which analyzes systems across different scales, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mathis Gerdes , Max Welling , Miranda C. N. Cheng

Anomaly Detection (AD), as a critical problem, has been widely discussed. In this paper, we specialize in one specific problem, Visual Defect Detection (VDD), in many industrial applications. And in practice, defect image samples are very…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Yapeng Teng , Haoyang Li , Fuzhen Cai , Ming Shao , Siyu Xia

Anomaly synthesis strategies can effectively enhance unsupervised anomaly detection. However, existing strategies have limitations in the coverage and controllability of anomaly synthesis, particularly for weak defects that are very similar…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Qiyu Chen , Huiyuan Luo , Chengkan Lv , Zhengtao Zhang

Time series anomaly detection (TSAD) has been an important area of research for decades, with reconstruction-based methods, mostly based on generative models, gaining popularity and demonstrating success. Diffusion models have recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Kohei Obata , Zheng Chen , Yasuko Matsubara , Lingwei Zhu , Yasushi Sakurai

Diffusion has shown great success in improving accuracy of unsupervised image retrieval systems by utilizing high-order structures of image manifold. However, existing diffusion methods suffer from three major limitations: 1) they usually…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Zhiyong Dou , Haotian Cui , Lin Zhang , Bo Wang

In order to navigate safely and reliably in off-road and unstructured environments, robots must detect anomalies that are out-of-distribution (OOD) with respect to the training data. We present an analysis-by-synthesis approach for…

Anomaly detection is an emerging approach in digital pathology for its ability to efficiently and effectively utilize data for disease diagnosis. While supervised learning approaches deliver high accuracy, they rely on extensively annotated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Jiamu Wang , Keunho Byeon , Jinsol Song , Anh Nguyen , Sangjeong Ahn , Sung Hak Lee , Jin Tae Kwak

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) methods aim to identify anomalies in test samples comparing them with a normative distribution learned from a dataset known to be anomaly-free. Approaches based on generative models offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Sergio Naval Marimont , Vasilis Siomos , Matthew Baugh , Christos Tzelepis , Bernhard Kainz , Giacomo Tarroni

This paper aims to address the unsupervised video anomaly detection (VAD) problem, which involves classifying each frame in a video as normal or abnormal, without any access to labels. To accomplish this, the proposed method employs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Anil Osman Tur , Nicola Dall'Asen , Cigdem Beyan , Elisa Ricci

Graph-level anomaly detection (GAD) describes the problem of detecting graphs that are abnormal in their structure and/or the features of their nodes, as compared to other graphs. One of the challenges in GAD is to devise graph…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Rongrong Ma , Guansong Pang , Ling Chen , Anton van den Hengel

Reconstruction-based anomaly detection via denoising diffusion model has limitations in determining appropriate noise parameters that can degrade anomalies while preserving normal characteristics. Also, normal regions can fluctuate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Eunwoo Kim , Un Yang , Cheol Lae Roh , Stefano Ermon

Anomaly detection in complex, high-dimensional data, such as UAV sensor readings, is essential for operational safety but challenging for existing methods due to their limited sensitivity, scalability, and inability to capture intricate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mingze Gong , Juan Du , Jianbang You

Tables are an abundant form of data with use cases across all scientific fields. Real-world datasets often contain anomalous samples that can negatively affect downstream analysis. In this work, we only assume access to contaminated data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Guy Zamberg , Moshe Salhov , Ofir Lindenbaum , Amir Averbuch

This paper explores the problem of Generalist Anomaly Detection (GAD), aiming to train one single detection model that can generalize to detect anomalies in diverse datasets from different application domains without any further training on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Jiawen Zhu , Guansong Pang

In recent years, some researchers have applied diffusion models to multivariate time series anomaly detection. The partial diffusion strategy, which depends on the diffusion steps, is commonly used for anomaly detection in these models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Guangqiang Wu , Fu Zhang

Achieving robust generalization against unseen attacks remains a challenge in Audio Deepfake Detection (ADD), driven by the rapid evolution of generative models. To address this, we propose a framework centered on hard sample…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Bo Cheng , Songjun Cao , Xiaoming Zhang , Jie Chen , Long Ma , Fei Chen

Synthesizing realistic and spatially precise anomalies is essential for enhancing the robustness of industrial anomaly detection systems. While recent diffusion-based methods have demonstrated strong capabilities in modeling complex defect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Yanshu Wang , Xichen Xu , Xiaoning Lei , Guoyang Xie

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) learns one-class classifiers exclusively with normal (i.e., healthy) images to detect any abnormal (i.e., unhealthy) samples that do not conform to the expected normal patterns. UAD has two main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-01 Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Fengbei Liu , Yuanhong chen , Seon Ho Shin , Johan W. Verjans , Rajvinder Singh , Gustavo Carneiro

We present GSD, a diffusion model approach based on Gaussian Splatting (GS) representation for 3D object reconstruction from a single view. Prior works suffer from inconsistent 3D geometry or mediocre rendering quality due to improper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Yuxuan Mu , Xinxin Zuo , Chuan Guo , Yilin Wang , Juwei Lu , Xiaofeng Wu , Songcen Xu , Peng Dai , Youliang Yan , Li Cheng