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The rapid growth of large language models is driving organizations to expand their GPU clusters, often with GPUs from multiple vendors. However, current deep learning frameworks lack support for collective communication across heterogeneous…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Heehoon Kim , Jaehwan Lee , Taejeoung Kim , Jongwon Park , Jinpyo Kim , Pyongwon Suh , Ryan H. Choi , Sangwoo Lee , Jaejin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) with Mixture-of-Expert (MoE) architectures achieve superior model performance with reduced computation costs, but at the cost of high memory capacity and bandwidth requirements. Near-Memory Processing (NMP)…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Haochen Huang , Shuzhang Zhong , Zhe Zhang , Shuangchen Li , Dimin Niu , Hongzhong Zheng , Runsheng Wang , Meng Li

Heterogeneity has become a mainstream architecture design choice for building High Performance Computing systems. However, heterogeneity poses significant challenges for achieving performance portability of execution. Adapting a program to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Giorgis Georgakoudis , Konstantinos Parasyris , Chunhua Liao , David Beckingsale , Todd Gamblin , Bronis de Supinski

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely deployed for online generative services, where numerous LLM instances jointly handle workloads with fluctuating request arrival rates and variable request lengths. To efficiently execute…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Cong Li , Yihan Yin , Chenhao Xue , Zhao Wang , Fujun Bai , Yixin Guo , Xiping Jiang , Qiang Wu , Yuan Xie , Guangyu Sun

Heterogeneous computers integrate general-purpose host processors with domain-specific accelerators to combine versatility with efficiency and high performance. To realize the full potential of heterogeneous computers, however, many…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Andreas Kurth , Björn Forsberg , Luca Benini

Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) applications impose uJ/Inference constraints, with a maximum power consumption of tens of mW. It is extremely challenging to meet these requirements at a reasonable accuracy level. This work addresses the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Moritz Scherer , Alfio Di Mauro , Tim Fischer , Georg Rutishauser , Luca Benini

Distributed training is a novel approach to accelerate Deep Neural Networks (DNN) training, but common training libraries fall short of addressing the distributed cases with heterogeneous processors or the cases where the processing nodes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Ali HeydariGorji , Siavash Rezaei , Mahdi Torabzadehkashi , Hossein Bobarshad , Vladimir Alves , Pai H. Chou

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been ubiquitously applied in many applications, and accelerators are emerged as an enabler to support the fast and efficient inference tasks of these applications. However, to achieve high model coverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Zhi Chen , Cody Hao Yu , Trevor Morris , Jorn Tuyls , Yi-Hsiang Lai , Jared Roesch , Elliott Delaye , Vin Sharma , Yida Wang

This paper optimizes the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm using high-performance computing (HPC) technologies. It uses multi-core processors, GPUs, and parallel computing frameworks like OpenMPI and CUDA to speed up CNN model…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Shahrin Rahman

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3, OPT, and LLaMA have demonstrated remarkable accuracy in a wide range of tasks. However, training these models can incur significant expenses, often requiring tens of thousands of GPUs for months…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Fei Yang , Shuang Peng , Ning Sun , Fangyu Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Fu Wu , Jiezhong Qiu , Aimin Pan

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) obtain outstanding results in tasks that require human-level understanding of data, like image or speech recognition. However, their computational load is significant, motivating the development of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Paolo Meloni , Alessandro Capotondi , Gianfranco Deriu , Michele Brian , Francesco Conti , Davide Rossi , Luigi Raffo , Luca Benini

The Continuous Learning (CL) paradigm consists of continuously evolving the parameters of the Deep Neural Network (DNN) model to progressively learn to perform new tasks without reducing the performance on previous tasks, i.e., avoiding the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Eugenio Ressa , Alberto Marchisio , Maurizio Martina , Guido Masera , Muhammad Shafique

Deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) on resource-constrained IoT devices remains a challenging problem, often requiring hardware modifications tailored to individual AI models. Existing accelerator-generation tools, such as AMD's FINN, do…

To alleviate hardware scarcity in training large deep neural networks (DNNs), particularly large language models (LLMs), we present FusionLLM, a decentralized training system designed and implemented for training DNNs using geo-distributed…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zhenheng Tang , Xueze Kang , Yiming Yin , Xinglin Pan , Yuxin Wang , Xin He , Qiang Wang , Rongfei Zeng , Kaiyong Zhao , Shaohuai Shi , Amelie Chi Zhou , Bo Li , Bingsheng He , Xiaowen Chu

Deep learning (DL) compilers rely on cost models and auto-tuning to optimize tensor programs for target hardware. However, existing approaches depend on large offline datasets, incurring high collection costs and offering suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Chaoyao Shen , Linfeng Jiang , Yixian Shen , Tao Xu , Guoqing Li , Anuj Pathania , Andy D. Pimentel , Meng Zhang

To speedup Deep Neural Networks (DNN) accelerator design and enable effective implementation, we propose HybridDNN, a framework for building high-performance hybrid DNN accelerators and delivering FPGA-based hardware implementations. Novel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Hanchen Ye , Xiaofan Zhang , Zhize Huang , Gengsheng Chen , Deming Chen

Increasing AI computing demands and slowing transistor scaling have led to the advent of Multi-Chip-Module (MCMs) based accelerators. MCMs enable cost-effective scalability, higher yield, and modular reuse by partitioning large chips into…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ritik Raj , Shengjie Lin , William Won , Tushar Krishna

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly the Large Language Models (LLMs), have profoundly affected our daily work and communication forms. However, it is still a challenge to deploy LLMs on resource-constrained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Mingqiang Huang , Ao Shen , Kai Li , Haoxiang Peng , Boyu Li , Yupeng Su , Hao Yu

With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technologies such as ChatGPT, AI agents, and video generation, contemporary mobile systems have begun integrating these AI capabilities on local devices to enhance privacy and reduce…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Le Chen , Dahu Feng , Erhu Feng , Yingrui Wang , Rong Zhao , Yubin Xia , Pinjie Xu , Haibo Chen

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been deployed in myriad machine learning applications. However, advances in their accuracy are often achieved with increasingly complex and deep network architectures. These large, deep models are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Wenhan Xia , Hongxu Yin , Niraj K. Jha