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Irregular sampling occurs in many time series modeling applications where it presents a significant challenge to standard deep learning models. This work is motivated by the analysis of physiological time series data in electronic health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Satya Narayan Shukla , Benjamin M. Marlin

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is used to predict the target variables at a future time point based on the learning from previous time points. To keep the problem tractable, learning methods use data from a fixed length window in the past as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jimeng Shi , Mahek Jain , Giri Narasimhan

Multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting is vital in fields like weather, energy, and finance. However, despite deep learning advancements, traditional Transformer-based models often diminish the effect of crucial inter-variable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Yanhong Li , David C. Anastasiu

Traffic forecasting requires modeling complex temporal dynamics and long-range spatial dependencies over large sensor networks. Existing methods typically face a trade-off between expressiveness and efficiency: Transformer-based models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Xinjin Li , Jinghan Cao , Mengyue Wang , Yue Wu , Longxiang Yan , Yeyang Zhou , Ziqi Sha , Yu Ma

Recency bias is a useful inductive prior for sequential modeling: it emphasizes nearby observations and can still allow longer-range dependencies. Standard Transformer attention lacks this property, relying on all-to-all interactions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Kareem Hegazy , Michael W. Mahoney , N. Benjamin Erichson

Accurate and efficient multivariate time series (MTS) analysis is increasingly critical for a wide range of intelligent applications. Within this realm, Transformers have emerged as the predominant architecture due to their strong ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rui An , Haohao Qu , Wenqi Fan , Xuequn Shang , Qing Li

Leveraging deep learning for causal discovery in time series remains challenging because existing neural methods predominantly rely on component-wise architectures that fail to capture shared system dynamics or employ decoupled post-hoc…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Omar Muhammad , Pasupuleti Dhruv Shivkant , Deepak N. Subramani

Predicting time-series is of great importance in various scientific and engineering fields. However, in the context of limited and noisy data, accurately predicting dynamics of all variables in a high-dimensional system is a challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zijian Wang , Peng Tao , Luonan Chen

Transformer-based models have achieved remarkable success in multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF) by capturing long-range dependencies. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the quadratic computational complexity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Fanpu Cao , Shu Yang , Zhengjian Chen , Ye Liu , Laizhong Cui

Modern multivariate time series forecasting primarily relies on two architectures: the Transformer with attention mechanism and Mamba. In natural language processing, an approach has been used that combines local window attention for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Itay Katav , Aryeh Kontorovich

Irregular multivariate time series (IMTS) are characterized by irregular time intervals within variables and unaligned observations across variables, posing challenges in learning temporal and variable dependencies. Many existing IMTS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Boyuan Li , Yicheng Luo , Zhen Liu , Junhao Zheng , Jianming Lv , Qianli Ma

Detectors with high coverage have direct and far-reaching benefits for road users in route planning and avoiding traffic congestion, but utilizing these data presents unique challenges including: the dynamic temporal correlation, and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 He Li , Shiyu Zhang , Xuejiao Li , Liangcai Su , Hongjie Huang , Duo Jin , Linghao Chen , Jianbing Huang , Jaesoo Yoo

Deep models for Multivariate Time Series (MTS) forecasting have recently demonstrated significant success. Channel-dependent models capture complex dependencies that channel-independent models cannot capture. However, the number of channels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Xin Zhou , Weiqing Wang , Wray Buntine , Shilin Qu , Abishek Sriramulu , Weicong Tan , Christoph Bergmeir

Multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting plays an important role in the automation and optimization of intelligent applications. It is a challenging task, as we need to consider both complex intra-variable dependencies and inter-variable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Ling Chen , Donghui Chen , Zongjiang Shang , Binqing Wu , Cen Zheng , Bo Wen , Wei Zhang

Transformer-based models have significantly advanced time series forecasting. Recent work, like the Cross-Attention-only Time Series transformer (CATS), shows that removing self-attention can make the model more accurate and efficient.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jiajun Song , Xiaoou Liu

In multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting, many deep learning based methods have been proposed for modeling dependencies at multiple spatial (inter-variate) or temporal (intra-variate) scales. However, existing methods may fail to model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Binqing Wu , Jianlong Huang , Zongjiang Shang , Ling Chen

Making accurate forecasts for a complex system is a challenge in various practical applications. The major difficulty in solving such a problem concerns nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics with time-varying characteristics. Takens' delay…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Hao Peng , Wei Wang , Pei Chen , Rui Liu

The paper develops a Transformer architecture for estimating dynamic factors from multivariate time series data under flexible identification assumptions. Performance on small datasets is improved substantially by using a conventional…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-21 Oliver Snellman

Optimal decision-making in social settings is often based on forecasts from time series (TS) data. Recently, several approaches using deep neural networks (DNNs) such as recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been introduced for TS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Philippe Chatigny , Jean-Marc Patenaude , Shengrui Wang

In practical time series forecasting, covariates provide rich contextual information that can potentially enhance the forecast of target variables. Although some covariates extend into the future forecasting horizon (e.g., calendar events,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yosuke Yamaguchi , Issei Suemitsu , Wenpeng Wei