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Related papers: Single-Codec: Single-Codebook Speech Codec towards…

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Voice communication in bandwidth-constrained environments--maritime, satellite, and tactical networks--remains prohibitively expensive. Traditional codecs struggle below 1 kbps, while existing semantic approaches (STT-TTS) sacrifice prosody…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Siyu Wang , Haitao Li , Donglai Zhu

Current large language models (LLMs) primarily utilize next-token prediction method for inference, which significantly impedes their processing speed. In this paper, we introduce a novel inference methodology termed next-sentence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Hongjun An , Yifan Chen , Zhe Sun , Xuelong Li

This paper proposes a novel semi-supervised TTS framework, QS-TTS, to improve TTS quality with lower supervised data requirements via Vector-Quantized Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning (VQ-S3RL) utilizing more unlabeled speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Haohan Guo , Fenglong Xie , Jiawen Kang , Yujia Xiao , Xixin Wu , Helen Meng

The development of neural audio codecs (NACs) has largely promoted applications of language models (LMs) to speech processing and understanding. However, there lacks the verification on the effectiveness of autoregressive (AR) LMbased…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Haoyin Yan , Chengwei Liu , Shaofei Xue , Xiaotao Liang , Zheng Xue

Collecting audio-text pairs is expensive; however, it is much easier to access text-only data. Unless using shallow fusion, end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) models require architecture modifications or additional training…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-10 Emiru Tsunoo , Hayato Futami , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Siddhant Arora , Shinji Watanabe

Decoder-only large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted to build embedding models for diverse tasks. To overcome the inherent limitations of causal attention in representation learning, many existing methods modify the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ailiang Lin , Zhuoyun Li , Yusong Wang , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura

Speech discrete representation has proven effective in various downstream applications due to its superior compression rate of the waveform, fast convergence during training, and compatibility with other modalities. Discrete units extracted…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jiatong Shi , Xutai Ma , Hirofumi Inaguma , Anna Sun , Shinji Watanabe

Vector Quantized Variational AutoEncoders (VQ-VAE) are a powerful representation learning framework that can discover discrete groups of features from a speech signal without supervision. Until now, the VQ-VAE architecture has previously…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Yi Zhao , Haoyu Li , Cheng-I Lai , Jennifer Williams , Erica Cooper , Junichi Yamagishi

Speech Language Models (SLMs) have recently emerged as a unified paradigm for addressing a wide range of speech-related tasks, including text-to-speech (TTS), speech enhancement (SE), and automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Yiwen Zhao , Jiatong Shi , Jinchuan Tian , Yuxun Tang , Jiarui Hai , Jionghao Han , Shinji Watanabe

Language models (LMs) and their extension, vision-language models (VLMs), have achieved remarkable performance across various tasks. However, they still struggle with complex reasoning tasks that require multimodal or multilingual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Wenyi Wu , Zixuan Song , Kun Zhou , Yifei Shao , Zhiting Hu , Biwei Huang

Neural audio codecs provide promising acoustic features for speech synthesis, with representative streaming codecs like Mimi providing high-quality acoustic features for real-time Text-to-Speech (TTS) applications. However, Mimi's decoder,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-29 Haibin Wu , Bach Viet Do , Naveen Suda , Julian Chan , Madhavan C R , Gene-Ping Yang , Yi-Chiao Wu , Naoyuki Kanda , Yossef Adi , Xin Lei , Yue Liu , Florian Metze , Yuzong Liu

Recently, generative speech enhancement has garnered considerable interest; however, existing approaches are hindered by excessive complexity, limited efficiency, and suboptimal speech quality. To overcome these challenges, this paper…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Fei Liu , Yang Ai

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in speech and music. This tendency has led to a focus on audio tokenization for Large Models (LMs). Unlike semantic-only text tokens, audio tokens must both capture global…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Lu Wang , Hao Chen , Siyu Wu , Zhiyue Wu , Hao Zhou , Chengfeng Zhang , Ting Wang , Haodi Zhang

Recently sequence-to-sequence models have started to achieve state-of-the-art performance on standard speech recognition tasks when processing audio data in batch mode, i.e., the complete audio data is available when starting processing.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Thai-Son Nguyen , Ngoc-Quan Pham , Sebastian Stueker , Alex Waibel

This paper proposes StreamCodec, a streamable neural audio codec designed for real-time communication. StreamCodec adopts a fully causal, symmetric encoder-decoder structure and operates in the modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT)…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xiao-Hang Jiang , Yang Ai , Rui-Chen Zheng , Zhen-Hua Ling

Neural Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems find broad applications in voice assistants, e-learning, and audiobook creation. The pursuit of modern models, like Diffusion Models (DMs), holds promise for achieving high-fidelity, real-time speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiang Li , Fan Bu , Ambuj Mehrish , Yingting Li , Jiale Han , Bo Cheng , Soujanya Poria

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Text-to-Speech (TTS) models have already reached a high degree of naturalness. However, the precision control of TTS inference is still challenging. Although instruction-based Text-to-Speech (Instruct-TTS)…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Sihang Nie , Xiaofen Xing , Jingyuan Xing , Baiji Liu , Xiangmin Xu

Neural Speech Codecs face a fundamental trade-off at low bitrates: preserving acoustic fidelity often compromises semantic richness. To address this, we introduce SACodec, a novel codec built upon an asymmetric dual-quantizer that employs…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zhongren Dong , Bin Wang , Jing Han , Haotian Guo , Xiaojun Mo , Yimin Cao , Zixing Zhang

Neural text-to-speech (TTS) generally consists of cascaded architecture with separately optimized acoustic model and vocoder, or end-to-end architecture with continuous mel-spectrograms or self-extracted speech frames as the intermediate…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-09 Ruiqing Xue , Yanqing Liu , Lei He , Xu Tan , Linquan Liu , Edward Lin , Sheng Zhao

Low latency speech human-machine communication is becoming increasingly necessary as speech technology advances quickly in the last decade. One of the primary factors behind the advancement of speech technology is self-supervised learning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yun Tang , Cindy Tseng