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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong potential for many mathematical problems. However, their performance on graph algorithmic tasks is still unsatisfying, since graphs are naturally more complex in topology and often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Wenjin Li , Jiaming Cui

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents are increasingly deployed as assistants in planning and decision making, yet most existing systems are implicitly optimized for a single-principal interaction paradigm, in which the model is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Shu Yang , Shenzhe Zhu , Hao Zhu , José Ramón Enríquez , Di Wang , Alex Pentland , Michiel A. Bakker , Jiaxin Pei

Traditional Reinforcement Learning (RL) suffers from replicating human-like behaviors, generalizing effectively in multi-agent scenarios, and overcoming inherent interpretability issues.These tasks are compounded when deep environment…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Miao Zhang , Zhenlong Fang , Tianyi Wang , Qian Zhang , Shuai Lu , Junfeng Jiao , Tianyu Shi

Large language models (LLMs) often struggle with complex reasoning tasks due to their limitations in addressing the vast reasoning space and inherent ambiguities of natural language. We propose the Mixture-of-Search-Agents (MoSA) paradigm,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Sen Yang , Yafu Li , Wai Lam , Yu Cheng

Understanding and reasoning over tables is a critical capability for many real-world applications. Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise on this task, but current approaches remain limited. Fine-tuning based methods strengthen…

We propose a new multi-agent task grammar to encode collaborative tasks for a team of heterogeneous agents that can have overlapping capabilities. The grammar allows users to specify the relationship between agents and parts of the task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Amy Fang , Hadas Kress-Gazit

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, enabling autonomous agents to perform diverse tasks across various domains. These agents, proficient in human-like text comprehension and generation, have the potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Saikat Barua

Multi-agent LLM systems are increasingly deployed as autonomous collaborators, where agents interact freely rather than execute fixed, pre-specified workflows. In such settings, effective coordination cannot be fully designed in advance and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Aneesh Pappu , Batu El , Hancheng Cao , Carmelo di Nolfo , Yanchao Sun , Meng Cao , James Zou

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) is crucial for enabling them to tackle complex, multi-step problems. Multi-agent frameworks have shown great potential in enhancing LLMs' reasoning capabilities. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Danqing Wang , Zhuorui Ye , Fei Fang , Lei Li

This paper presents an innovative large language model (LLM) agent framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in simulated clinical environments using the AgentClinic benchmark. The proposed automatic correction enables doctor agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Abhishek Dutta , Yen-Che Hsiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly instantiated as interacting agents in multi-agent systems (MAS), where collective decisions emerge through social interaction rather than independent reasoning. A fundamental yet underexplored…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Chen Han , Jin Tan , Bohan Yu , Wenzhen Zheng , Xijin Tang

Imitation Learning (IL) is one of the most widely used methods in machine learning. Yet, many works find it is often unable to fully recover the underlying expert behavior, even in constrained environments like single-agent games. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Jens Tuyls , Dhruv Madeka , Kari Torkkola , Dean Foster , Karthik Narasimhan , Sham Kakade

Large language model(LLM)-driven multi-agent systems(MAS) coordinate specialized agents through predefined interaction topologies and have shown promise for complex tasks such as competition-level code generation. Recent studies demonstrate…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Siyu Wang , Ruotian Lu , Zhihao Yang , Yuchao Wang , Yanzhou Zhang , Lei Xu , Qimin Xu , Guojun Yin , Cailian Chen , Xinping Guan

As AI Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential in practical applications across various fields, how to quickly deploy an AI agent and how to conveniently expand the application scenario of AI agents has become a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Peng Xu , Haoran Wang , Chuang Wang , Xu Liu

Collaborative reasoning with multiple agents offers the potential for more robust and diverse problem-solving. However, existing approaches often suffer from homogeneous agent behaviors and lack of reflective and rethinking capabilities. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Jian Zhang , Zhiyuan Wang , Zhangqi Wang , Fangzhi Xu , Qika Lin , Lingling Zhang , Rui Mao , Erik Cambria , Jun Liu

Across millennia, complex societies have faced the same coordination problem of how to organize collective action among cognitively bounded and informationally incomplete individuals. Different civilizations developed different political…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Chao Fei , Hongcheng Guo , Yanghua Xiao

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) provides an efficient way for simultaneously learning policies for multiple agents interacting with each other. However, in scenarios requiring complex interactions, existing algorithms can suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xiaobai Ma , David Isele , Jayesh K. Gupta , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Large language models (LLMs) offer strong capabilities but raise cost and privacy concerns, whereas small language models (SLMs) facilitate efficient and private local inference yet suffer from limited capacity. To synergize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hang Zeng , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Jiarui Zhang , Shaojie Tang , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Intelligent agents such as robots are increasingly deployed in real-world, safety-critical settings. It is vital that these agents are able to explain the reasoning behind their decisions to human counterparts; however, their behavior is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Xijia Zhang , Yue Guo , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara , Joseph Campbell

As agentic AI becomes more widespread, agents with distinct and possibly conflicting goals will interact in complex ways. These multi-agent interactions pose a fundamental challenge, particularly in social dilemmas, where agents' individual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Dereck Piche , Mohammed Muqeeth , Milad Aghajohari , Juan Duque , Michael Noukhovitch , Aaron Courville