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Learning object-centric representations of complex scenes is a promising step towards enabling efficient abstract reasoning from low-level perceptual features. Yet, most deep learning approaches learn distributed representations that do not…

Modular object-centric representations are essential for *human-like reasoning* but are challenging to obtain under spatial ambiguities, *e.g. due to occlusions and view ambiguities*. However, addressing challenges presents both theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Avinash Kori , Francesca Toni , Ben Glocker

Object-centric architectures usually apply a differentiable module to the entire feature map to decompose it into sets of entity representations called slots. Some of these methods structurally resemble clustering algorithms, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Daniil Kirilenko , Vitaliy Vorobyov , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Object-centric representations using slots have shown the advances towards efficient, flexible and interpretable abstraction from low-level perceptual features in a compositional scene. Current approaches randomize the initial state of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Ning Gao , Bernard Hohmann , Gerhard Neumann

The aim of object-centric vision is to construct an explicit representation of the objects in a scene. This representation is obtained via a set of interchangeable modules called \emph{slots} or \emph{object files} that compete for local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Ayush Chakravarthy , Trang Nguyen , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Michael C. Mozer

Learning structured representations of the visual world in terms of objects promises to significantly improve the generalization abilities of current machine learning models. While recent efforts to this end have shown promising empirical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jack Brady , Roland S. Zimmermann , Yash Sharma , Bernhard Schölkopf , Julius von Kügelgen , Wieland Brendel

The extraction of modular object-centric representations for downstream tasks is an emerging area of research. Learning grounded representations of objects that are guaranteed to be stable and invariant promises robust performance across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Avinash Kori , Francesco Locatello , Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Francesca Toni , Ben Glocker

Automatically discovering composable abstractions from raw perceptual data is a long-standing challenge in machine learning. Recent slot-based neural networks that learn about objects in a self-supervised manner have made exciting progress…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Ondrej Biza , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Gamaleldin F. Elsayed , Aravindh Mahendran , Thomas Kipf

Learning object-level, structured representations is widely regarded as a key to better generalization in vision and underpins the design of next-generation Pre-trained Vision Models (PVMs). Mainstream Object-Centric Learning (OCL) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Hongjia Liu , Rongzhen Zhao , Haohan Chen , Joni Pajarinen

Developing deep learning models that effectively learn object-centric representations, akin to human cognition, remains a challenging task. Existing approaches facilitate object discovery by representing objects as fixed-size vectors,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Aniket Didolkar , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio

A central goal in AI is to represent scenes as compositions of discrete objects, enabling fine-grained, controllable image and video generation. Yet leading diffusion models treat images holistically and rely on text conditioning, creating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Adil Kaan Akan

Object-centric representation learning aims to decompose visual scenes into fixed-size vectors called "slots" or "object files", where each slot captures a distinct object. Current state-of-the-art object-centric models have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Aniket Didolkar , Andrii Zadaianchuk , Rabiul Awal , Maximilian Seitzer , Efstratios Gavves , Aishwarya Agrawal

Humans can discern scene-independent features of objects across various environments, allowing them to swiftly identify objects amidst changing factors such as lighting, perspective, size, and position and imagine the complete images of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tonglin Chen , Yinxuan Huang , Zhimeng Shen , Jinghao Huang , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Causal representation learning has showed a variety of settings in which we can disentangle latent variables with identifiability guarantees (up to some reasonable equivalence class). Common to all of these approaches is the assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Amin Mansouri , Jason Hartford , Yan Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

The binding problem in artificial neural networks is actively explored with the goal of achieving human-level recognition skills through the comprehension of the world in terms of symbol-like entities. Especially in the field of computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jinwoo Kim , Janghyuk Choi , Jaehyun Kang , Changyeon Lee , Ho-Jin Choi , Seon Joo Kim

Self-supervised methods for learning object-centric representations have recently been applied successfully to various datasets. This progress is largely fueled by slot-based methods, whose ability to cluster visual scenes into meaningful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Roland S. Zimmermann , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Thomas Kipf , Klaus Greff

The ability to decompose complex natural scenes into meaningful object-centric abstractions lies at the core of human perception and reasoning. In the recent culmination of unsupervised object-centric learning, the Slot-Attention module has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Baoxiong Jia , Yu Liu , Siyuan Huang

Object-centric learning (OCL) extracts the representation of objects with slots, offering an exceptional blend of flexibility and interpretability for abstracting low-level perceptual features. A widely adopted method within OCL is slot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Ke Fan , Zechen Bai , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Max Horn , Yanwei Fu , Francesco Locatello , Zheng Zhang

Learning compositional representation is a key aspect of object-centric learning as it enables flexible systematic generalization and supports complex visual reasoning. However, most of the existing approaches rely on auto-encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Whie Jung , Jaehoon Yoo , Sungjin Ahn , Seunghoon Hong

Object-centric representations are a promising path toward more systematic generalization by providing flexible abstractions upon which compositional world models can be built. Recent work on simple 2D and 3D datasets has shown that models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Thomas Kipf , Gamaleldin F. Elsayed , Aravindh Mahendran , Austin Stone , Sara Sabour , Georg Heigold , Rico Jonschkowski , Alexey Dosovitskiy , Klaus Greff
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