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This topical review article reports rapid progress on the generalization and application of entanglement in non-Hermitian free-fermion quantum systems. We begin by examining the realization of non-Hermitian quantum systems through the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Li-Mei Chen , Yao Zhou , Shuai A. Chen , Peng Ye

A conventional quantum phase transition (QPT) can be accessed by varying a real parameter at absolute zero temperature. Motivated by the discovery of the pseudo-Hermiticity of non-Hermitian systems, we explore the QPT in non-Hermitian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 C. Li , G. Zhang , X. Z. Zhang , Z. Song

We study density matrices in quantum gravity, focusing on topology change. We argue that the inclusion of bra-ket wormholes in the gravity path integral is not a free choice, but is dictated by the specification of a global state in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-10-07 Tarek Anous , Jorrit Kruthoff , Raghu Mahajan

Theoretical analysis of a prototypical two-qubit effective non-Hermitian system characterized by asymmetric Heisenberg $XY$ interactions in the absence of external magnetic fields demonstrates that maximal bipartite entanglement and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Bikashkali Midya

Non-Hermiticity gives rise to distinctive topological phenomena absent in Hermitian systems. However, connection between such intrinsic non-Hermitian topology and Hermitian topology has remained largely elusive. Here, considering the bulk…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-01-07 Shu Hamanaka , Tsuneya Yoshida , Kohei Kawabata

This paper explores quantum field theories with pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, where PT-symmetric Hamiltonians serve as a special case. In specific regimes, these pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians have real eigenspectra, orthogonal eigenstates,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-04 Esra Sablevice , Peter Millington

The pseudo entropy is a promising recent generalization of the entanglement entropy to the situations in which both the initial and final state are involved, with the density matrix promoted to the transition matrix. However, in contrast to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-06-02 Zhou Chen

Dissipation in open systems enriches the possible symmetries of the Hamiltonians beyond the Hermitian framework allowing the possibility of novel non-Hermitian topological phases, which exhibit long-living end states that are protected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Wojciech Brzezicki , Matti Silveri , Marcin Płodzień , Francesco Massel , Timo Hyart

We consider the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum field theory on the noncommutative spacetime with angular twist and construct its pseudo-Hermitian interpretation. We explore the differences between internal and spatial parities in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-25 Oleg O. Novikov

Quantum Hall phases have recently emerged as a platform to investigate non-Hermitian topology in condensed-matter systems. This platform is particularly interesting due to its tunability, which allows to modify the properties and topology…

A review is given on the foundations and applications of non-Hermitian classical and quantum physics. First, key theorems and central concepts in non-Hermitian linear algebra, including Jordan normal form, biorthogonality, exceptional…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-04-28 Yuto Ashida , Zongping Gong , Masahito Ueda

We address the problem of coupling non-Hermitian systems, treated as fundamental rather than effective theories, to the electromagnetic field. In such theories the observables are not the $\bs{x}$ and $\bs{p}$ appearing in the Hamiltonian,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. F. Jones

Density-matrix topology, defined through the geometric property of the relevant modular Hamiltonian, can undergo transitions in the corresponding open-system dynamics. While symmetry considerations are crucial to ensure such a dynamic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-21 Wenzhi Wang , Wei Yi

Non-Hermitian systems exhibit richer topological properties compared to their Hermitian counterparts. It is well known that non-Hermitian systems have been classified based on either the symmetry relations for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians or…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Zhiyu Jiang , Ryo Okamoto , Hideaki Obuse

Critical phase transitions contain a variety of deep and universal physics, and are intimately tied to thermodynamic quantities through scaling relations. Yet, these notions are challenged in the context of non-Hermiticity, where spatial or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-01-06 R. Arouca , C. H. Lee , C. Morais Smith

We define a (semi-classical) path integral for gravity with Neumann boundary conditions in $D$ dimensions, and show how to relate this new partition function to the usual picture of Euclidean quantum gravity. We also write down the action…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-01 Chethan Krishnan , K. V. Pavan Kumar , Avinash Raju

$\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric quantum mechanics has been considered an important theoretical framework for understanding physical phenomena in $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric systems, with a number of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry related applications. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-25 Da-Jian Zhang , Qing-hai Wang , Jiangbin Gong

The current applications of non-Hermitian but ${\cal PT}-$symmetric Hamiltonians $H$ cover several, mutually not too closely connected subdomains of quantum physics. Mathematically, the split between the open and closed systems can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Miloslav Znojil

One of the major open problems in theoretical physics is a consistent quantum gravity theory.Recent developments in thermodynamic phase transitions ofblack holes and their van der Waals-like behavior may provide an interesting quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-26 Seyed Hossein Hendi , Shahram Panahiyan , Behzad Eslam Panah , Mubasher Jamil

Euclidean wormholes are known to encode important non-perturbative effects in the physics of quantum black holes. In this paper, we discuss the slicing of Euclidean wormholes along a time-reflection symmetric slice which treats half of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-18 Alexandre Belin