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Counterfactual data augmentation (CDA) is a method for controlling information or biases in training datasets by generating a complementary dataset with typically opposing biases. Prior work often either relies on hand-crafted rules or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mitchell Plyler , Min Chi

In recent years, fairness has become an important topic in the machine learning research community. In particular, counterfactual fairness aims at building prediction models which ensure fairness at the most individual level. Rather than…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Vincent Grari , Sylvain Lamprier , Marcin Detyniecki

Current Semi-Supervised Object Detection (SSOD) methods enhance detector performance by leveraging large amounts of unlabeled data, assuming that both labeled and unlabeled data share the same label space. However, in open-set scenarios,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Xinhao Zhong , Siyu Jiao , Yao Zhao , Yunchao Wei

Contrastive learning has recently seen tremendous success in self-supervised learning. So far, however, it is largely unclear why the learned representations generalize so effectively to a large variety of downstream tasks. We here prove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Roland S. Zimmermann , Yash Sharma , Steffen Schneider , Matthias Bethge , Wieland Brendel

Predicting and reasoning about the future lie at the heart of many time-series questions. For example, goal-conditioned reinforcement learning can be viewed as learning representations to predict which states are likely to be visited in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Chongyi Zheng , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Benjamin Eysenbach

Contrastive learning, commonly applied in large-scale multimodal models, often relies on data from diverse and often unreliable sources, which can include misaligned or mislabeled text-image pairs. This frequently leads to robustness issues…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Lijie Hu , Chenyang Ren , Huanyi Xie , Khouloud Saadi , Shu Yang , Zhen Tan , Jingfeng Zhang , Di Wang

For the Facial Action Unit (AU) detection task, accurately capturing the subtle facial differences between distinct AUs is essential for reliable detection. Additionally, AU detection faces challenges from class imbalance and the presence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Ziqiao Shang , Bin Liu , Fengmao Lv , Fei Teng , Tianrui Li , Lan-Zhe Guo

Inspired by the impressive success of contrastive learning (CL), a variety of graph augmentation strategies have been employed to learn node representations in a self-supervised manner. Existing methods construct the contrastive samples by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Peiyao Zhao , Yuangang Pan , Xin Li , Xu Chen , Ivor W. Tsang , Lejian Liao

The popularity of self-supervised learning has made it possible to train models without relying on labeled data, which saves expensive annotation costs. However, most existing self-supervised contrastive learning methods often overlook the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Weiquan Li , Xianzhong Long , Yun Li

We present a contrasting learning approach with data augmentation techniques to learn document representations in an unsupervised manner. Inspired by recent contrastive self-supervised learning algorithms used for image and NLP pretraining,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Dongsheng Luo , Wei Cheng , Jingchao Ni , Wenchao Yu , Xuchao Zhang , Bo Zong , Yanchi Liu , Zhengzhang Chen , Dongjin Song , Haifeng Chen , Xiang Zhang

Due to the common content of anatomy, radiology images with their corresponding reports exhibit high similarity. Such inherent data bias can predispose automatic report generation models to learn entangled and spurious representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Mingjie Li , Haokun Lin , Liang Qiu , Xiaodan Liang , Ling Chen , Abdulmotaleb Elsaddik , Xiaojun Chang

Contrastive learning relies on constructing a collection of negative examples that are sufficiently hard to discriminate against positive queries when their representations are self-trained. Existing contrastive learning methods either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Qianjiang Hu , Xiao Wang , Wei Hu , Guo-Jun Qi

Recently, contrastive learning (CL) has emerged as a successful method for unsupervised graph representation learning. Most graph CL methods first perform stochastic augmentation on the input graph to obtain two graph views and maximize the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yanqiao Zhu , Yichen Xu , Feng Yu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Liang Wang

In contrastive learning, two views of an original image, generated by different augmentations, are considered a positive pair, and their similarity is required to be high. Similarly, two views of distinct images form a negative pair, with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Lei Wang , Piotr Koniusz , Tom Gedeon , Liang Zheng

Multimodal contrastive learning is a methodology for linking different data modalities; the canonical example is linking image and text data. The methodology is typically framed as the identification of a set of encoders, one for each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew M. Stuart , Son Tran

Unsupervised image-to-image translation tasks aim to find a mapping between a source domain X and a target domain Y from unpaired training data. Contrastive learning for Unpaired image-to-image Translation (CUT) yields state-of-the-art…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Junlin Han , Mehrdad Shoeiby , Lars Petersson , Mohammad Ali Armin

Learning discriminative image representations plays a vital role in long-tailed image classification because it can ease the classifier learning in imbalanced cases. Given the promising performance contrastive learning has shown recently in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Peng Wang , Kai Han , Xiu-Shen Wei , Lei Zhang , Lei Wang

Graph classification is a widely studied problem and has broad applications. In many real-world problems, the number of labeled graphs available for training classification models is limited, which renders these models prone to overfitting.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Jiaqi Zeng , Pengtao Xie

Learning rich visual representations using contrastive self-supervised learning has been extremely successful. However, it is still a major question whether we could use a similar approach to learn superior auditory representations. In this…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Haider Al-Tahan , Yalda Mohsenzadeh

The rise of video-sharing platforms has attracted more and more people to shoot videos and upload them to the Internet. These videos mostly contain a carefully-edited background audio track, where serious speech change, pitch shifting and…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Zhesong Yu , Xingjian Du , Bilei Zhu , Zejun Ma
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