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API recommendation methods have evolved from literal and semantic keyword matching to query expansion and query clarification. The latest query clarification method is knowledge graph (KG)-based, but limitations include out-of-vocabulary…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Qing Huang , Zhenyu Wan , Zhenchang Xing , Changjing Wang , Jieshan Chen , Xiwei Xu , Qinghua Lu

Due to the remarkable reasoning ability, Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) tasks, which find answers to natural language questions over knowledge graphs (KGs).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Xiao Long , Liansheng Zhuang , Aodi Li , Minghong Yao , Shafei Wang

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) based on information retrieval aims to answer a question by retrieving answer from a large-scale knowledge graph. Most existing methods first roughly retrieve the knowledge subgraphs (KSG) that may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Hanning Gao , Lingfei Wu , Po Hu , Zhihua Wei , Fangli Xu , Bo Long

This paper presents a question answering system that operates exclusively on a knowledge graph retrieval without relying on retrieval augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs). Instead, a small paraphraser model is used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Kartikeya Aneja , Manasvi Srivastava , Subhayan Das , Nagender Aneja

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled workflows that generate SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) from natural-language specifications, with the potential to accelerate Formal Verification (FV). However, high-quality…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Vaisakh Naduvodi Viswambharan , Keerthan Kopparam Radhakrishna , Deepak Narayan Gadde , Aman Kumar

To tackle the problem of domain-specific knowledge scarcity within large language models (LLMs), knowledge graph-retrievalaugmented method has been proven to be an effective and efficient technique for knowledge infusion. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Zhouyu Jiang , Ling Zhong , Mengshu Sun , Jun Xu , Rui Sun , Hui Cai , Shuhan Luo , Zhiqiang Zhang

Knowledge Graphs (KG) act as a great tool for holding distilled information from large natural language text corpora. The problem of natural language querying over knowledge graphs is essential for the human consumption of this information.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-22 Aayushee Gupta , K. M. Annervaz , Ambedkar Dukkipati , Shubhashis Sengupta

Knowledge graphs provide structured and reliable information for many real-world applications, motivating increasing interest in combining large language models (LLMs) with graph-based retrieval to improve factual grounding. Recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yuchen Ying , Weiqi Jiang , Tongya Zheng , Yu Wang , Shunyu Liu , Kaixuan Chen , Mingli Song

Conversational question answering (convQA) over knowledge graphs (KGs) involves answering multi-turn natural language questions about information contained in a KG. State-of-the-art methods of ConvQA often struggle with inexplicit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Lihui Liu , Blaine Hill , Boxin Du , Fei Wang , Hanghang Tong

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) is a widely used method to tackle incompleteness in knowledge graphs (KGs) by making predictions for missing links. Description-based KGC leverages pre-trained language models to learn entity and relation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Derong Xu , Ziheng Zhang , Zhenxi Lin , Xian Wu , Zhihong Zhu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Enhong Chen

Knowledge graph-based dialogue generation (KG-DG) is a challenging task requiring models to effectively incorporate external knowledge into conversational responses. While large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hadi Sheikhi , Chenyang Huang , Osmar R. Zaïane

Humankind's understanding of the world is fundamentally linked to our perception and cognition, with \emph{human languages} serving as one of the major carriers of \emph{world knowledge}. In this vein, \emph{Large Language Models} (LLMs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Huajun Chen

Answering complex queries over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs) is a challenging job. Most previous works have focused on learning entity/relation embeddings and simulating first-order logic operators with various neural networks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tianle Xia , Liang Ding , Guojia Wan , Yibing Zhan , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong inductive reasoning ability across various domains, but their reliability is hindered by the outdated knowledge and hallucinations. Retrieval-Augmented Generation mitigates these issues by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Tianjun Yao , Haoxuan Li , Zhiqiang Shen , Pan Li , Tongliang Liu , Kun Zhang

Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) aims to answer user-questions from a knowledge graph (KG) by identifying the reasoning relations between topic entity and answer. As a complex branch task of KGQA, multi-hop KGQA requires reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Weiqiang Jin , Biao Zhao , Hang Yu , Xi Tao , Ruiping Yin , Guizhong Liu

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in Knowledge Graph Question Answering (KGQA) tasks, which aim to find answers based on knowledge graphs (KGs) for natural language questions. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xiao Long , Liansheng Zhuang , Chen Shen , Shaotian Yan , Yifei Li , Shafei Wang

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) can assist developing program code beside many other things, but can they support working with Knowledge Graphs (KGs) as well? Which LLM is offering the best capabilities in the field of Semantic Web and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Lars-Peter Meyer , Johannes Frey , Desiree Heim , Felix Brei , Claus Stadler , Kurt Junghanns , Michael Martin

The integration of knowledge graphs (KGs) with large language models (LLMs) offers significant potential to improve the retrieval phase of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems. In this study, we propose KG-CQR, a novel framework for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chi Minh Bui , Ngoc Mai Thieu , Van Vinh Nguyen , Jason J. Jung , Khac-Hoai Nam Bui

The stock market is inherently complex, with interdependent relationships among companies, sectors, and financial indicators. Traditional research has largely focused on time-series forecasting and single-company analysis, relying on…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Cheonsol Lee , Youngsang Jeong , Jeongyeol Shin , Huiju Kim , Jidong Kim

Knowledge graph question answering (KGQA) aims to answer natural language questions using knowledge graphs. Recent research leverages large language models (LLMs) to enhance KGQA reasoning, but faces limitations: retrieval-based methods are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Can Lin , Zhengwang Jiang , Ling Zheng , Qi Zhao , Yuhang Zhang , Qi Song , Wangqiu Zhou