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We propose a large language model based reward decomposition framework for aligning dialogue agents using only a single session-level feedback signal. We leverage the reasoning capabilities of a frozen, pretrained large language model (LLM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Dong Won Lee , Hae Won Park , Cynthia Breazeal , Louis-Philippe Morency

Depression remains a pressing global mental health issue, driving considerable research into AI-driven detection approaches. While pre-trained models, particularly speech self-supervised models (SSL Models), have been applied to depression…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Xiangyu Zhang , Beena Ahmed , Julien Epps

The recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, progressively broadening their scope to multimodal perception and generation. However, effectively integrating listening…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Shujie Hu , Long Zhou , Shujie Liu , Sanyuan Chen , Lingwei Meng , Hongkun Hao , Jing Pan , Xunying Liu , Jinyu Li , Sunit Sivasankaran , Linquan Liu , Furu Wei

Recent studies have augmented large language models (LLMs) with speech capabilities, leading to the development of speech language models (SpeechLMs). Earlier SpeechLMs focused on single-turn speech-based question answering (QA), where user…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Yifan Peng , Krishna C. Puvvada , Zhehuai Chen , Piotr Zelasko , He Huang , Kunal Dhawan , Ke Hu , Shinji Watanabe , Jagadeesh Balam , Boris Ginsburg

Language models pre-trained on general text have achieved impressive results in diverse fields. Yet, the distinct linguistic characteristics of task-oriented dialogues (TOD) compared to general text limit the practical utility of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Weihao Zeng , Dayuan Fu , Keqing He , Yejie Wang , Yukai Xu , Weiran Xu

This paper is the first study to apply deep mutual learning (DML) to end-to-end ASR models. In DML, multiple models are trained simultaneously and collaboratively by mimicking each other throughout the training process, which helps to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Ryo Masumura , Mana Ihori , Akihiko Takashima , Tomohiro Tanaka , Takanori Ashihara

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become increasingly important due to their state-of-the-art performance and ability to integrate multiple data modalities, such as text, images, and audio, to perform complex tasks with high…

Follow-up conversations with virtual assistants (VAs) enable a user to seamlessly interact with a VA without the need to repeatedly invoke it using a keyword (after the first query). Therefore, accurate Device-directed Speech Detection…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Ognjen , Rudovic , Pranay Dighe , Yi Su , Vineet Garg , Sameer Dharur , Xiaochuan Niu , Ahmed H. Abdelaziz , Saurabh Adya , Ahmed Tewfik

High inter-class similarity, extreme scale variation, and limited computational budgets hinder reliable visual recognition across diverse real-world data. Existing vision-centric and cross-modal approaches often rely on rigid fusion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Qinghui Chen , Zekai Zhang , Zaigui Zhang , Kai Zhang , Dagang Li , Wenmin Wang , Jinglin Zhang , Cong Liu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their remarkable capabilities across various language tasks. Inspired by the success of text-to-text translation refinement, this paper investigates how LLMs can improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Huaixia Dou , Xinyu Tian , Xinglin Lyu , Jie Zhu , Junhui Li , Lifan Guo

Speech language models (SpeechLMs) accept speech input and produce speech output, allowing for more natural human-computer interaction compared to text-based large language models (LLMs). Traditional approaches for developing SpeechLMs are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Aohan Zeng , Zhengxiao Du , Mingdao Liu , Lei Zhang , Shengmin Jiang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

The remarkable performance of the pre-trained language model (LM) using self-supervised learning has led to a major paradigm shift in the study of natural language processing. In line with these changes, leveraging the performance of speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Mun-Hak Lee , Joon-Hyuk Chang

The remote sensing community has recently seen the emergence of methods based on Large Vision and Language Models (LVLMs) that can address multiple tasks at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing. To fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 João Daniel Silva , Joao Magalhaes , Devis Tuia , Bruno Martins

We present Large Sign Language Models (LSLM), a novel framework for translating 3D American Sign Language (ASL) by leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) as the backbone, which can benefit hearing-impaired individuals' virtual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sen Zhang , Xiaoxiao He , Di Liu , Zhaoyang Xia , Mingyu Zhao , Chaowei Tan , Vivian Li , Bo Liu , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Mubbasir Kapadia

This paper explores the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems to improve transcription accuracy. The increasing sophistication of LLMs, with their in-context learning capabilities and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zeping Min , Jinbo Wang

Diffusion-based large language models (DLLMs) have recently attracted growing interest as an alternative to autoregressive decoders. In this work, we present an empirical study on using the diffusion-based large language model LLaDA for…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-02 Mengqi Wang , Zhan Liu , Zengrui Jin , Guangzhi Sun , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly propelled the development of large multi-modal models (LMMs), highlighting the potential for general and intelligent assistants. However, most LMMs model visual and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Rui Yang , Lin Song , Yicheng Xiao , Runhui Huang , Yixiao Ge , Ying Shan , Hengshuang Zhao

We present mSLAM, a multilingual Speech and LAnguage Model that learns cross-lingual cross-modal representations of speech and text by pre-training jointly on large amounts of unlabeled speech and text in multiple languages. mSLAM combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-04 Ankur Bapna , Colin Cherry , Yu Zhang , Ye Jia , Melvin Johnson , Yong Cheng , Simran Khanuja , Jason Riesa , Alexis Conneau

Training Transformer-based models demands a large amount of data, while obtaining aligned and labelled data in multimodality is rather cost-demanding, especially for audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR). Thus it makes a lot of sense to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Xichen Pan , Peiyu Chen , Yichen Gong , Helong Zhou , Xinbing Wang , Zhouhan Lin
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