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This work focuses on an efficient Agile design methodology for domain-specific accelerators. We employ feature-by-feature enhancement of a vertical development stack and apply it to the TVM/VTA inference accelerator. We have enhanced the…

Optimal deployment of deep neural networks (DNNs) on state-of-the-art Systems-on-Chips (SoCs) is crucial for tiny machine learning (TinyML) at the edge. The complexity of these SoCs makes deployment non-trivial, as they typically contain…

Deployment of modern TinyML tasks on small battery-constrained IoT devices requires high computational energy efficiency. Analog In-Memory Computing (IMC) using non-volatile memory (NVM) promises major efficiency improvements in deep neural…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Angelo Garofalo , Gianmarco Ottavi , Francesco Conti , Geethan Karunaratne , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Compute-in-memory (CiM) architectures promise significant improvements in energy efficiency and throughput for deep neural network acceleration by alleviating the von Neumann bottleneck. However, their reliance on emerging non-volatile…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yifan Qin , Jiahao Zheng , Zheyu Yan , Wujie Wen , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Large language models (LLMs) face significant inference latency due to inefficiencies in GEMM operations, weight access, and KV cache access, especially in real-time scenarios. This highlights the need for a versatile compute-memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Huizheng Wang , Zichuan Wang , Zhiheng Yue , Yousheng Long , Taiquan Wei , Jianxun Yang , Yang Wang , Chao Li , Shaojun Wei , Yang Hu , Shouyi Yin

Examples of embedded intelligence include a wide variety of tiny neural networks used on-board wireless sensors and actuators, which are expected to continuously perform inference on time-series of the data they sense. In order to fit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhaolan Huang , Emmanuel Baccelli

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on resource-constrained edge devices faces critical bottlenecks in memory bandwidth and power consumption. While ternary quantization (e.g., BitNet b1.58) significantly reduces model size, its direct…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zi-Wei Lin , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Analog Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators are increasingly recognized for their efficiency in accelerating Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, their dependence on Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) for accumulating partial sums from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Shubham Negi , Utkarsh Saxena , Deepika Sharma , Kaushik Roy

Contextual Artificial Intelligence (AI) based on emerging Transformer models is predicted to drive the next technology revolution in interactive wearable devices such as new-generation smart glasses. By coupling numerous sensors with small,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Severin Bochem , Victor J. B. Jung , Arpan Prasad , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini

Bit-level sparsity in neural network models harbors immense untapped potential. Eliminating redundant calculations of randomly distributed zero-bits significantly boosts computational efficiency. Yet, traditional digital SRAM-PIM…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Cenlin Duan , Jianlei Yang , Yiou Wang , Yikun Wang , Yingjie Qi , Xiaolin He , Bonan Yan , Xueyan Wang , Xiaotao Jia , Weisheng Zhao

Repeated off-chip memory accesses to DRAM drive up operating power for data-intensive applications, and SRAM technology scaling and leakage power limits the efficiency of embedded memories. Future on-chip storage will need higher density…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Lillian Pentecost , Alexander Hankin , Marco Donato , Mark Hempstead , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) that enable low-power design on edge devices have recently attracted significant research. However, the temporal characteristic of SNNs causes high latency, high bandwidth and high energy consumption for the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Hong-Han Lien , Chung-Wei Hsu , Tian-Sheuan Chang

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are one of the most successful machine learning techniques for image, voice and video processing. CNNs require large amounts of processing capacity and memory bandwidth. Hardware accelerators have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-03 James Garland , David Gregg

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for text generation, distinguished by their native support for parallel decoding. In practice, block inference is crucial for avoiding order misalignment in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lizhuo Luo , Shenggui Li , Yonggang Wen , Tianwei Zhang

Triangle counting (TC) is a fundamental problem in graph analysis and has found numerous applications, which motivates many TC acceleration solutions in the traditional computing platforms like GPU and FPGA. However, these approaches suffer…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Xueyan Wang , Jianlei Yang , Yinglin Zhao , Yingjie Qi , Meichen Liu , Xingzhou Cheng , Xiaotao Jia , Xiaoming Chen , Gang Qu , Weisheng Zhao

Medical image segmentation is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Although transformer-based methods have achieved remarkable results, their high computational cost hinders clinical deployment. To address this issue, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yaxuan Jiao , Qing Xu , Yuxiang Luo , Xiangjian He , Zhen Chen , Wenting Duan

The 3D point cloud perception has emerged as a fundamental role for a wide range of applications. In particular, with the rapid development of neural networks, the voxel-based networks attract great attention due to their excellent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Xipeng Lin , Shanshi Huang , Hongwu Jiang

Deep Neural Network (DNN) based inference at the edge is challenging as these compute and data-intensive algorithms need to be implemented at low cost and low power while meeting the latency constraints of the target applications. Sparsity,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Adithya Krishna , Srikanth Rohit Nudurupati , Chandana D G , Pritesh Dwivedi , André van Schaik , Mahesh Mehendale , Chetan Singh Thakur

Emerging non-volatile memory (NVM)-based Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures show substantial promise in accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) due to their exceptional energy efficiency. However, NVM devices are prone to device…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

Although deep learning-based personalized recommendation systems provide qualified recommendations, they strain data center resources. The main bottleneck is the embedding layer, which is highly memory-intensive due to its sparse, irregular…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Youngsuk Kim , Junghwan Lim , Hyuk-Jae Lee , Chae Eun Rhee