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We propose a sampling theory for signals that are supported on either directed or undirected graphs. The theory follows the same paradigm as classical sampling theory. We show that perfect recovery is possible for graph signals bandlimited…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Siheng Chen , Rohan Varma , Aliaksei Sandryhaila , Jelena Kovačević

Graph Fourier transform (GFT) is a fundamental concept in graph signal processing. In this paper, based on singular value decomposition of Laplacian, we introduce a novel definition of GFT on directed graphs, and use singular values of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-13 Yang Chen , Cheng Cheng , Qiyu Sun

Clustering and community detection with multiple graphs have typically focused on aligned graphs, where there is a mapping between nodes across the graphs (e.g., multi-view, multi-layer, temporal graphs). However, there are numerous…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Guilherme Gomes , Vinayak Rao , Jennifer Neville

The properties of the Gabor and Morlet transforms are examined with respect to the Fourier analysis of discretely sampled data. Forward and inverse transform pairs based on a fixed window with uniform sampling of the frequency axis can…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-07-23 Robert W. Johnson

Graph foundation models (GFMs) seek transferable representations across graph domains but are limited by structural heterogeneity and incompatible node feature spaces. We propose Structure-Centric Graph Foundation Models (SCGFM), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaodong He , Haolan He , Ruiyi Fang , Ming Sun , Zhao Kang

The paper proposes the combination of stochastic blockmodels with smooth graphon models. The first allow for partitioning the set of individuals in a network into blocks which represent groups of nodes that presumably connect stochastically…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-28 Benjamin Sischka , Göran Kauermann

Graph signal processing is an emerging field which aims to model processes that exist on the nodes of a network and are explained through diffusion over this structure. Graph signal processing works have heretofore assumed knowledge of the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-21 Matthew W. Morency , Geert Leus

We propose a novel expressivity framework for Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) grounded in Boolean function theory, enabling a fine-grained analysis of their ability to capture complex subpopulation structures. We introduce the notion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Manjish Pal

Fourier transform is an essential ingredient in Shor's factoring algorithm. In the standard quantum circuit model with the gate set $\{\U(2), \textrm{CNOT}\}$, the discrete Fourier transforms $F_N=(\omega^{ij})_{N\times N},i,j=0,1,..., N-1,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-25 Michael H. Freedman , Zhenghan Wang

In classic graph signal processing, given a real-valued graph signal, its graph Fourier transform is typically defined as the series of inner products between the signal and each eigenvector of the graph Laplacian. Unfortunately, this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Fanchao Meng , Mark Orr , Samarth Swarup

Partition of unity methods (PUMs) on graphs are simple and highly adaptive auxiliary tools for graph signal processing. Based on a greedy-type metric clustering and augmentation scheme, we show how a partition of unity can be generated in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-22 Roberto Cavoretto , Alessandra De Rossi , Wolfgang Erb

Many systems comprising entities in interactions can be represented as graphs, whose structure gives significant insights about how these systems work. Network theory has undergone further developments, in particular in relation to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-06-14 Ronan Hamon , Pierre Borgnat , Patrick Flandrin , Céline Robardet

Recent work has empirically shown that deep neural networks latch on to the Fourier statistics of training data and show increased sensitivity to Fourier-basis directions in the input. Understanding and modifying this Fourier-sensitivity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Kiran Krishnamachari , See-Kiong Ng , Chuan-Sheng Foo

This article explores and analyzes the unsupervised clustering of large partially observed graphs. We propose a scalable and provable randomized framework for clustering graphs generated from the stochastic block model. The clustering is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Mostafa Rahmani , Andre Beckus , Adel Karimian , George Atia

The graph fractional Fourier transform (GFRFT) applies a single global fractional order to all graph frequencies, which restricts its adaptability to diverse signal characteristics across the spectral domain. To address this limitation, in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-01 Manjun Cui , Zhichao Zhang , Wei Yao

Graph foundation models have demonstrated remarkable adaptability across diverse downstream tasks through large-scale pretraining on graphs. However, existing implementations of the backbone model, graph transformers, are typically limited…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jun-Liang Lin , Kamesh Madduri , Mahmut Taylan Kandemir

The stochastic block model (SBM) is a generative model revealing macroscopic structures in graphs. Bayesian methods are used for (i) cluster assignment inference and (ii) model selection for the number of clusters. In this paper, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-09 Kohei Hayashi , Takuya Konishi , Tatsuro Kawamoto

We study the problem of constructing a graph Fourier transform (GFT) for directed graphs (digraphs), which decomposes graph signals into different modes of variation with respect to the underlying network. Accordingly, to capture low,…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-01 Rasoul Shafipour , Ali Khodabakhsh , Gonzalo Mateos , Evdokia Nikolova

VQC can be understood through the lens of Fourier analysis. It is already well-known that the function space represented by any circuit architecture can be described through a truncated Fourier sum. We show that the spectrum available to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Marco Wiedmann , Maniraman Periyasamy , Daniel D. Scherer

We investigate a scalable $M$-channel critically sampled filter bank for graph signals, where each of the $M$ filters is supported on a different subband of the graph Laplacian spectrum. For analysis, the graph signal is filtered on each…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Shuni Li , Yan Jin , David I Shuman