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Large Language Model (LLM) serving faces a fundamental tension between stringent latency Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and limited GPU memory capacity. When high request rates exhaust the KV cache budget, existing LLM inference systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiahuan Yu , Mingtao Hu , Zichao Lin , Minjia Zhang

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on mobile devices faces the challenge of insufficient performance in smaller models and excessive resource consumption in larger ones. This paper highlights that mobile Neural Processing Units (NPUs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zixu Hao , Jianyu Wei , Tuowei Wang , Minxing Huang , Huiqiang Jiang , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Ju Ren

This paper addresses the growing need for efficient large language models (LLMs) on mobile devices, driven by increasing cloud costs and latency concerns. We focus on designing top-quality LLMs with fewer than a billion parameters, a…

While small language models (SLMs) show promises for mobile deployment, their real-world performance and applications on smartphones remains underexplored. We present SlimLM, a series of SLMs optimized for document assistance tasks on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Thang M. Pham , Phat T. Nguyen , Seunghyun Yoon , Viet Dac Lai , Franck Dernoncourt , Trung Bui

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) stand as a revolutionary advancement in the modern era of artificial intelligence (AI). However, scaling down LLMs for resource-constrained hardware, such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Youpeng Zhao , Ming Lin , Huadong Tang , Qiang Wu , Jun Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have been a disruptive innovation in recent years, and they play a crucial role in our daily lives due to their ability to understand and generate human-like text. Their capabilities include natural language…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Akrit Mudvari , Yuang Jiang , Leandros Tassiulas

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in a variety of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Nonetheless, it is challenging to deploy and fine-tune LLMs on mobile edge devices with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Yuhao Chen , Yuxuan Yan , Qianqian Yang , Yuanchao Shu , Shibo He , Jiming Chen

In this paper, we introduce LiveMind, a novel low-latency inference framework for large language model (LLM) inference which enables LLMs to perform inferences with incomplete user input. By reallocating computational processes to the input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Chuangtao Chen , Grace Li Zhang , Xunzhao Yin , Cheng Zhuo , Ulf Schlichtmann , Bing Li

Emerging AI accelerators increasingly adopt wafer-scale manufacturing technologies, integrating hundreds of thousands of AI cores in a mesh architecture with large distributed on-chip memory (tens of GB in total) and ultra-high on-chip…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Congjie He , Yeqi Huang , Pei Mu , Ziming Miao , Jilong Xue , Lingxiao Ma , Fan Yang , Luo Mai

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved near-human performance across diverse reasoning tasks, yet their deployment on resource-constrained Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices remains impractical due to massive parameter footprints and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Mingyu Sung , Vikas Palakonda , Suhwan Im , Sunghwan Moon , Il-Min Kim , Sangseok Yun , Jae-Mo Kang

Language models have shown effectiveness in a variety of software applications, particularly in tasks related to automatic workflow. These models possess the crucial ability to call functions, which is essential in creating AI agents.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Wei Chen , Zhiyuan Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have propelled groundbreaking advancements across several domains and are commonly used for text generation applications. However, the computational demands of these complex models pose significant challenges,…

This paper introduces SpecInfer, a system that accelerates generative large language model (LLM) serving with tree-based speculative inference and verification. The key idea behind SpecInfer is leveraging small speculative models to predict…

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Recent advancements in speculative decoding have demonstrated considerable speedup across a wide array of large language model (LLM) tasks. Speculative decoding inherently relies on sacrificing extra memory allocations to generate several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Selin Yildirim , Deming Chen

This work elaborates on a High performance computing (HPC) architecture based on Simple Linux Utility for Resource Management (SLURM) [1] for deploying heterogeneous Large Language Models (LLMs) into a scalable inference engine. Dynamic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Anderson de Lima Luiz , Shubham Vijay Kurlekar , Munir Georges

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on smartphones poses significant engineering challenges due to stringent constraints on memory, latency, and runtime flexibility. In this work, we present a hardware-aware framework for efficient…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various fields, from natural language understanding to text generation. Compared to non-generative LLMs like BERT and DeBERTa, generative LLMs like GPT series and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Jinhao Li , Jiaming Xu , Shan Huang , Yonghua Chen , Wen Li , Jun Liu , Yaoxiu Lian , Jiayi Pan , Li Ding , Hao Zhou , Yu Wang , Guohao Dai

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP), but their size creates computational bottlenecks. We introduce a novel approach to create accurate, sparse foundational versions of performant LLMs that…