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Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) must make reliable decisions in dense urban environments where pedestrian behavior is variable, sometimes abnormal, and often unseen during training. Reinforcement learning (RL)-based AV control systems perform…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Aidana Baimbetova , Haruki Yonekura , Hamada Rizk , Hirozumi Yamaguchi

The current expressway operation relies on rule-based and isolated models, which limits the ability to jointly analyze knowledge across different systems. Meanwhile, Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly applied in intelligent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zihe Wang , Yihuan Wang , Haiyang Yu. Zhiyong Cui , Xiaojian Liao , Chengcheng Wang , Yonglin Tian , Yongxin Tong

Instruction tuning -- supervised fine-tuning using instruction-response pairs -- is a key step in making pre-trained large language models (LLMs) instructable. Meanwhile, LLMs perform multitask learning during their pre-training, acquiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Seokhyun An , Minji Kim , Hyounghun Kim

Emotional support is a core capability in human-AI interaction, with applications including psychological counseling, role play, and companionship. However, existing evaluations of large language models (LLMs) often rely on short, static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zhouxing Tan , Ruochong Xiong , Yulong Wan , Jinlong Ma , Hanlin Xue , Qichun Deng , Haifeng Jing , Zhengtong Zhang , Depei Liu , Shiyuan Luo , Junfei Liu

Language plays a vital role in the realm of human motion. Existing methods have largely depended on CLIP text embeddings for motion generation, yet they fall short in effectively aligning language and motion due to CLIP's pretraining on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhe Li , Weihao Yuan , Yisheng He , Lingteng Qiu , Shenhao Zhu , Xiaodong Gu , Weichao Shen , Yuan Dong , Zilong Dong , Laurence T. Yang

The remarkable performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be enhanced with test-time computation, which relies on external tools and even other deep learning models. However, existing approaches for integrating non-text modality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Tianle Zhang , Wanlong Fang , Jonathan Woo , Paridhi Latawa , Deepak A. Subramanian , Alvin Chan

Activation steering methods enable inference-time control of large language model (LLM) behavior without retraining, but current approaches face a fundamental trade-off: sample-efficient methods suboptimally capture steering signals from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kartik Sharma , Rakshit S. Trivedi

We propose a training-free, Vision-Language Model (VLM)-guided approach for efficiently generating trajectories to facilitate target inspection planning based on text descriptions. Unlike existing Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xingpeng Sun , Zherong Pan , Xifeng Gao , Kui Wu , Aniket Bera

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently emerged as powerful representation learning systems that align visual observations with natural language concepts, offering new opportunities for semantic reasoning in safety-critical autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ross Greer , Maitrayee Keskar , Angel Martinez-Sanchez , Parthib Roy , Shashank Shriram , Mohan Trivedi

Traffic prediction plays a central role in intelligent transportation systems (ITS) by supporting real-time decision-making, congestion management, and long-term planning. However, many existing approaches face practical limitations. Most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Seerat Kaur , Sukhjit Singh Sehra , Dariush Ebrahimi

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles requires virtual scenario-based testing, which depends on the robust evaluation and generation of safety-critical scenarios. So far, researchers have used scenario-based testing frameworks that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Yuan Gao , Mattia Piccinini , Korbinian Moller , Amr Alanwar , Johannes Betz

Large language models (LLMs) have opened up new possibilities for intelligent agents, endowing them with human-like thinking and cognitive abilities. In this work, we delve into the potential of large language models (LLMs) in autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Erfei Cui , Wenhai Wang , Zhiqi Li , Jiangwei Xie , Haoming Zou , Hanming Deng , Gen Luo , Lewei Lu , Xizhou Zhu , Jifeng Dai

Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily trained on text-based datasets, exhibit exceptional proficiencies in understanding and executing complex linguistic instructions via text outputs. However, they falter when requests to generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Human motion generation, a cornerstone technique in animation and video production, has widespread applications in various tasks like text-to-motion and music-to-dance. Previous works focus on developing specialist models tailored for each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Mingyuan Zhang , Daisheng Jin , Chenyang Gu , Fangzhou Hong , Zhongang Cai , Jingfang Huang , Chongzhi Zhang , Xinying Guo , Lei Yang , Ying He , Ziwei Liu

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance in natural language processing tasks. However, in the field of recommender systems, due to the inherent structural discrepancy between user behavior data and natural…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Zekun Liu , Xiaowen Huang , Jitao Sang

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have marked a huge leap in neural dialogue modeling. While PLMs are pre-trained on large-scale text corpora, they are usually fine-tuned on scarce dialogue data with specific domain knowledge and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xiaodong Gu , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee

In the paradigm of AI-generated content (AIGC), there has been increasing attention to transferring knowledge from pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) models to text-to-video (T2V) generation. Despite their effectiveness, these frameworks face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Susung Hong , Junyoung Seo , Heeseong Shin , Sunghwan Hong , Seungryong Kim

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various benchmark tasks. While providing instructions to LLMs for guiding their generations is user-friendly, assessing their instruction-following…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rem Hida , Junki Ohmura , Toshiyuki Sekiya

Large language models (LLMs) are effective at capturing complex, valuable conceptual representations from textual data for a wide range of real-world applications. However, in fields like Intelligent Fault Diagnosis (IFD), incorporating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Hamzah A. A. M. Qaid , Bo Zhang , Dan Li , See-Kiong Ng , Wei Li

As the prevalence of wearable devices, learning egocentric motions becomes essential to develop contextual AI. In this work, we present EgoLM, a versatile framework that tracks and understands egocentric motions from multi-modal inputs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Fangzhou Hong , Vladimir Guzov , Hyo Jin Kim , Yuting Ye , Richard Newcombe , Ziwei Liu , Lingni Ma