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Draining vortices provide a powerful platform for simulating black hole phenomena in tabletop experiments. In realistic fluid systems confined within a finite container, low-frequency waves amplified by the vortex are reflected at the…

Analogical thinking is a valuable tool in theoretical physics, since it allows us to take the understanding we have developed in one system and apply it to another. In this thesis, we study the analogy between two seemingly unlikely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-07 Sam Patrick

Vortices and black holes set the scene for many interesting dynamical processes in physics. Here, we study the dynamical instability of quantised vortices and rotational superradiance around rotating black holes, illustrating in the process…

Wave scattering phenomena are ubiquitous in almost all Sciences, from Biology to Physics. Interestingly, it has been shown many times that different physical systems are the stage to the same processes. The discoveries of such analogies…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-04 Theo Torres

Wave equations containing spatial derivatives which are higher than second order arise naturally in the context of condensed matter systems. The solutions of such equations contain more than two modes and consequently, the range of possible…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-28 Sam Patrick , Silke Weinfurtner

In a draining rotating fluid flow background, surface perturbations behave as a scalar field on a rotating effective black hole spacetime. We propose a new model for the background flow which takes into account the varying depth of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-08 Mauricio Richartz , Angus Prain , Stefano Liberati , Silke Weinfurtner

It is demonstrated that gravity waves of a flowing fluid in a shallow basin can be used to simulate phenomena around black holes in the laboratory. Since the speed of the gravity waves as well as their high-wavenumber dispersion (subluminal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Ralf Schützhold , William G. Unruh

Small deviations in the spacetime around black holes can lead to instabilities in the underlying quasinormal mode spectrum, potentially altering the hierarchy of its overtones. A practical way to induce such spectral instability is by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-02 Mateus Malato Corrêa , Caio F. B. Macedo , Rodrigo Panosso Macedo , Leandro A. Oliveira

Many properties of black holes can be studied using acoustic analogues in the laboratory through the propagation of sound waves. We investigate in detail sound wave propagation in a rotating acoustic (2+1)-dimensional black hole, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-31 Emanuele Berti , Vitor Cardoso , Jose' P. S. Lemos

Analog gravity experiments are making remarkable strides in unveiling both the classical and quantum nature of black holes. By harnessing diverse states of matter, contemporary tabletop setups now replicate strong-field phenomena typically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-30 H. S. Vieira , Kyriakos Destounis

We study the scattering of surface water waves with irrotational draining vortices. At small depth, this system is a mathematical analogue of a rotating black hole and can be used to mimic some of its peculiar phenomenon. Using ray-tracing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-20 Theo Torres , Antonin Coutant , Sam Dolan , Silke Weinfurtner

The recent technological advances in controlling and manipulating fluids have enabled the experimental realization of acoustic analogues of gravitational black holes. A flowing fluid provides an effective curved spacetime on which sound…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-27 Samuel L. Braunstein , Mir Faizal , Lawrence M. Krauss , Francesco Marino , Naveed A. Shah

Recent advances in the observation of black-hole candidates have renewed interest in probing their near-horizon structure and in searching for departures from the standard singular solutions of general relativity. In this context,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-13 Valentin Pomakov , Stefano Liberati

The late stages of the relaxation process of a black hole are expected to depend only on its mass and angular momentum and not on the details of its formation process. Inspired by recent analogue gravity experiments, which demonstrate that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-13 Theo Torres , Sam Patrick , Maurício Richartz , Silke Weinfurtner

Using the analogy between a shrinking fluid vortex (`draining bathtub'), modelled as a (2+1) dimensional fluid flow with a sink at the origin, and a rotating (2+1) dimensional black hole with an ergosphere, it is shown that a scalar sound…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Soumen Basak , Parthasarathi Majumdar

Gravity simulators are laboratory systems where small excitations like sound or surface waves behave as fields propagating on a curved spacetime geometry. The analogy between gravity and fluids requires vanishing viscosity, a feature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-26 Patrik Švančara , Pietro Smaniotto , Leonardo Solidoro , James F. MacDonald , Sam Patrick , Ruth Gregory , Carlo F. Barenghi , Silke Weinfurtner

We present an analysis of scattering by a fluid-mechanical `black hole analogue', known as the draining bathtub vortex: a two-dimensional flow which possesses both a sonic horizon and an ergoregion. We consider the scattering of a plane…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-07-02 Sam R. Dolan , Ednilton S. Oliveira

Rotational superradiance was predicted theoretically decades ago, and is chiefly responsible for a number of important effects and phenomenology in black-hole physics. However, rotational superradiance has never been observed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-02 Vitor Cardoso , Antonin Coutant , Mauricio Richartz , Silke Weinfurtner

In general relativity, the interaction between a black hole and the fields around it (a process known as backreaction) proceeds via the evolution of the black holes mass and angular momentum. Analogue models of gravity, particularly fluid…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Sam Patrick , Harry Goodhew , Cisco Gooding , Silke Weinfurtner

Black hole superradiance provides a window into the dynamics of light scalar fields and their interactions close to a rotating black hole. Due to the rotation of the black hole, the amplitude of the scalar field becomes magnified, leading…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-19 Stephon Alexander , Gregory Gabadadze , Leah Jenks , Nicolás Yunes
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