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Fluid antenna systems (FASs) offer genuine simplicity for communication network design by eliminating expensive hardware overhead and reducing the complexity of access protocol architectures. Through the discovery of significant spatial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zhentian Zhang , David Morales-Jimenez , Hao Jiang , Christos Masouros

Enormous fluid antenna systems (E-FAS) have recently emerged as a new wireless architecture in which intelligent metasurfaces act as guided electromagnetic interfaces, enabling surface-wave (SW) propagation with much lower attenuation and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Kai-Kit Wong , Masoud Kaveh , Hao Xu , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Chan-Byoung Chae

This paper presents, for the first time, the concept of polarforming for wireless communications. Polarforming refers to a novel technique that enables the polarization of an antenna to shape into a desired polarization state for aligning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-21 Zijian Zhou , Jingze Ding , Chenbo Wang , Bingli Jiao , Rui Zhang

An emerging fluid antenna system (FAS) brings a new dimension, i.e., the antenna positions, to deal with the deep fading, but simultaneously introduces challenges related to the transmit design. This paper proposes an ``unsupervised…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-07 Changpeng He , Yang Lu , Wei Chen , Bo Ai , Kai-Kit Wong , Dusit Niyato

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) signify a pivotal advancement in 6G communication by enhancing spectral efficiency and robustness. However, obtaining accurate channel state information (CSI) in FAS poses challenges due to its complex physical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-02 Yuan Gao , Yiming Liu , Runze Yu , Shengli Liu , Yanliang Jin , Shunqing Zhang , Shugong Xu , Xiaoli Chu

Fluid antenna (FA) array is envisioned as a promising technology for next-generation communication systems, owing to its ability to dynamically control the antenna locations. In this paper, we apply FA array to boost the performance of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-24 Saeid Pakravan , Mohsen Ahmadzadeh , Ming Zeng , Ghosheh Abed Hodtani , Jean-Yves Chouinard , Leslie A Rusch

This letter considers a fluid antenna system (FAS)-aided rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) approach for downlink transmission. In particular, a base station (BS) equipped with a single traditional antenna system (TAS) uses RSMA…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Kai-Kit Wong , F. Javier Lopez-Martinez , Lajos Hanzo , Chan-Byoung Chae

In this work, we tackle the problem of beampattern design for a transmit system employing a large reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to redirect radio frequency signals emitted by a few active antennas (sources). We begin by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-15 Ciro D'Elia , Emanuele Grossi , Luca Venturino

The concept of fluid antennas (FAs) has emerged as a promising solution to enhance the spectral efficiency of wireless networks, achieved by introducing additional degrees of freedom, including reconfigurability and flexibility. In this…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Elio Faddoul , Ghassan M. Kraidy , Constantinos Psomas , Ioannis Krikidis

Fluid antennas (FAs) and movable antennas (MAs) have emerged as promising technologies in wireless communications, which offer the flexibility to improve channel conditions by adjusting transmit/receive antenna positions within a spatial…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Weidong Mei , Xin Wei , Boyu Ning , Zhi Chen , Rui Zhang

Fast fluid antenna multiple access (FAMA) is an idea that promises to overcome severe interference in massive access scenarios by reconfiguring the antenna's position at the receiver side on a symbol-by-symbol basis, without the need of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Noor Waqar , Kai-Kit Wong , Chan-Byoung Chae , Ross Murch

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) offer a promising paradigm for enhancing wireless communication by exploiting spatial diversity, yet a rigorous analytical framework for their error probability has been notably absent. To this end, this paper…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Xusheng Zhu , Farshad Rostami Ghadi , Tuo Wu , Kaitao Meng , Chao Wang , Gui Zhou

One of the key enablers of future wireless communications is constituted by massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which can improve the spectral efficiency by orders of magnitude. However, in existing massive MIMO systems,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Linglong Dai , Bichai Wang , Min Wang , Xue Yang , Jingbo Tan , Shuangkaisheng Bi , Shenheng Xu , Fan Yang , Zhi Chen , Marco Di Renzo , Lajos Hanzo

In a fluid antenna system (FAS), a single reconfigurable antenna is able to activate one of $N$ correlated ports to exploit spatial diversity. However, outage analysis is challenging because exact evaluation requires an $N$-dimensional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Tuo Wu , Junteng Yao , Kai-Kit Wong , Jie Tang , Maged Elkashlan , Baiyang Liu , Kin-Fai Tong , Hyundong Shin

In the evolving environment of mobile edge computing (MEC), optimizing system performance to meet the growing demand for low-latency computing services is a top priority. Integrating fluidic antenna (FA) technology into MEC networks…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yiping Zuo , Jiajia Guo , Biyun Sheng , Chen Dai , Fu Xiao , Shi Jin

Fluid antenna systems (FAS) offer enhanced spatial diversity for next-generation wireless systems. However, acquiring accurate channel state information (CSI) remains challenging due to the large number of reconfigurable ports and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Erqiang Tang , Wei Guo , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

By recognizing the tremendous flexibility of the emerging fluid antenna system (FAS), which allows dynamic reconfigurability of the location of the antenna within a given space, this paper investigates the performance of a single-antenna…

This paper proposes a novel relay-aided intelligent reconfigurable surface (IRS) architecture for future wireless communication systems. The proposed architecture, which consists of two side-by-side intelligent surfaces connected via a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Xiaoyan Ying , Umut Demirhan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology is a promising solution to improve the performance of existing wireless communications. To achieve its cost-effectiveness advantage, there inevitably exist certain hardware impairments in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Yiming Liu , Rui Wang , Zhu Han

In this paper, we investigate the performance of a fluid antenna relay (FAR)-assisted downlink communication system utilizing non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). The FAR, which integrates a fluid antenna system (FAS), is equipped on an…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Ruopeng Xu , Songling Zhang , Zhaohui Yang , Yixuan Chen , Mingzhe Chen , Zhaoyang Zhang , Kai-Kit Wong