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Recently, speaker embeddings extracted from a speaker discriminative deep neural network (DNN) yield better performance than the conventional methods such as i-vector. In most cases, the DNN speaker classifier is trained using cross entropy…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-19 Xu Xiang , Shuai Wang , Houjun Huang , Yanmin Qian , Kai Yu

Speech recognition has become an important task in the development of machine learning and artificial intelligence. In this study, we explore the important task of keyword spotting using speech recognition machine learning and deep learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Sumedha Rai , Tong Li , Bella Lyu

Deep Metric Learning (DML) methods aim at learning an embedding space in which distances are closely related to the inherent semantic similarity of the inputs. Previous studies have shown that popular benchmark datasets often contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Oriol Barbany , Xiaofan Lin , Muhammet Bastan , Arnab Dhua

Most of the existing neural-based models for keyword spotting (KWS) in smart devices require thousands of training samples to learn a decent audio representation. However, with the rising demand for smart devices to become more…

Query rewriting (QR) is an increasingly important technique to reduce customer friction caused by errors in a spoken language understanding pipeline, where the errors originate from various sources such as speech recognition errors,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Zheng Chen , Xing Fan , Yuan Ling , Lambert Mathias , Chenlei Guo

This paper proposes attentive statistics pooling for deep speaker embedding in text-independent speaker verification. In conventional speaker embedding, frame-level features are averaged over all the frames of a single utterance to form an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-27 Koji Okabe , Takafumi Koshinaka , Koichi Shinoda

Keyword Spotting plays a critical role in enabling hands-free interaction for battery-powered edge devices. Few-Shot Keyword Spotting (FS-KWS) addresses the scalability and adaptability challenges of traditional systems by enabling…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-09 Alican Gok , Oguzhan Buyuksolak , Osman Erman Okman , Murat Saraclar

We present a word-sense induction method based on pre-trained masked language models (MLMs), which can cheaply scale to large vocabularies and large corpora. The result is a corpus which is sense-tagged according to a corpus-derived sense…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Matan Eyal , Shoval Sadde , Hillel Taub-Tabib , Yoav Goldberg

Pre-trained language models such as BERT have been proved to be powerful in many natural language processing tasks. But in some text classification applications such as emotion recognition and sentiment analysis, BERT may not lead to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Zixiao Zhu , Kezhi Mao

Deep metric learning (DML) aims to learn a discriminative high-dimensional embedding space for downstream tasks like classification, clustering, and retrieval. Prior literature predominantly focuses on pair-based and proxy-based methods to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Xiruo Jiang , Yazhou Yao , Xili Dai , Fumin Shen , Xian-Sheng Hua , Heng-Tao Shen

Video retrieval using natural language queries requires learning semantically meaningful joint embeddings between the text and the audio-visual input. Often, such joint embeddings are learnt using pairwise (or triplet) contrastive loss…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-10 Jayaprakash A , Abhishek , Rishabh Dabral , Ganesh Ramakrishnan , Preethi Jyothi

In this paper we describe approaches for discovering acoustic concepts and relations in text. The first major goal is to be able to identify text phrases which contain a notion of audibility and can be termed as a sound or an acoustic…

Sound · Computer Science 2017-02-14 Anurag Kumar , Bhiksha Raj , Ndapandula Nakashole

Recent advances in flexible keyword spotting (KWS) with text enrollment allow users to personalize keywords without uttering them during enrollment. However, there is still room for improvement in target keyword performance. In this work,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-27 Youngmoon Jung , Jinyoung Lee , Seungjin Lee , Myunghun Jung , Yong-Hyeok Lee , Hoon-Young Cho

Deep learning currently dominates the benchmarks for various NLP tasks and, at the basis of such systems, words are frequently represented as embeddings --vectors in a low dimensional space-- learned from large text corpora and various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Ronald Denaux , Jose Manuel Gomez-Perez

Conversational recommendation systems (CRS) engage with users by inferring user preferences from dialog history, providing accurate recommendations, and generating appropriate responses. Previous CRSs use knowledge graph (KG) based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Bowen Yang , Cong Han , Yu Li , Lei Zuo , Zhou Yu

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods which learn representations of data without explicit supervision have gained popularity in speech-processing tasks, particularly for single-talker applications. However, these models often have…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Zili Huang , Desh Raj , Paola García , Sanjeev Khudanpur

This article presents a method for improving a keyword spotter (KWS) algorithm in noisy environments. Although beamforming (BF) and adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) techniques are robust in some conditions, they may degrade the performance…

The acoustic and linguistic features are important cues for the spoken language identification (LID) task. Recent advanced LID systems mainly use acoustic features that lack the usage of explicit linguistic feature encoding. In this paper,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Peng Shen , Xugang Lu , Hisashi Kawai

With the advent of digital technology, it is more common that committed crimes or legal disputes involve some form of speech recording where the identity of a speaker is questioned [1]. In face of this situation, the field of forensic…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Emmanuel Maqueda , Javier Alvarez-Jimenez , Carlos Mena , Ivan Meza

Embedding words in a vector space has gained a lot of attention in recent years. While state-of-the-art methods provide efficient computation of word similarities via a low-dimensional matrix embedding, their motivation is often left…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Shihao Ji , Hyokun Yun , Pinar Yanardag , Shin Matsushima , S. V. N. Vishwanathan