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In recent years, physical informed neural networks (PINNs) have been shown to be a powerful tool for solving PDEs empirically. However, numerical analysis of PINNs is still missing. In this paper, we prove the convergence rate to PINNs for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-13 Yuling Jiao , Yanming Lai , Dingwei Li , Xiliang Lu , Fengru Wang , Yang Wang , Jerry Zhijian Yang

Physics-informed Neural Network (PINN) is a promising tool that has been applied in a variety of physical phenomena described by partial differential equations (PDE). However, it has been observed that PINNs are difficult to train in…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-07-19 E. J. R. Coutinho , M. Dall'Aqua , L. McClenny , M. Zhong , U. Braga-Neto , E. Gildin

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are able to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by incorporating the residuals of the PDEs into their loss functions. Variational Physics-Informed Neural Networks (VPINNs) and hp-VPINNs use…

In this paper, we investigate the use of single hidden-layer neural networks as a family of ansatz functions for the resolution of partial differential equations (PDEs). In particular, we train the network via Extreme Learning Machines…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Davide Elia De Falco , Enrico Schiassi , Francesco Calabrò

In this paper, we compute numerical approximations of the minimal surfaces, an essential type of Partial Differential Equation (PDE), in higher dimensions. Classical methods cannot handle it in this case because of the Curse of…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Steven Zhou , Xiaojing Ye

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a transformative framework for addressing operator learning and inverse problems involving the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation for internal solitary waves. By integrating physical…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 Ming Kang , Hang Li , Qiwen Tan , Zhan Wang , Ruipeng Li , Junfang Zhao , Hui Xiang , Dixia Fan

We propose a method combining boundary integral equations and neural networks (BINet) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) in both bounded and unbounded domains. Unlike existing solutions that directly operate over original PDEs,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-10-04 Guochang Lin , Pipi Hu , Fukai Chen , Xiang Chen , Junqing Chen , Jun Wang , Zuoqiang Shi

This paper introduces a framework based on physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for addressing key challenges in nonlinear lattices, including solution approximation, bifurcation diagram construction, and linear stability analysis. We…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Muhammad Luthfi Shahab , Fidya Almira Suheri , Rudy Kusdiantara , Hadi Susanto

This work proposes a wavelet-based physics-informed quantum neural network framework to efficiently address multiscale partial differential equations that involve sharp gradients, stiffness, rapid local variations, and highly oscillatory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Deepak Gupta , Himanshu Pandey , Ratikanta Behera

This work addresses the scattering problem of an incident wave at a junction connecting two semi-infinite waveguides, which we intend to solve using Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). As with other deep learning-based approaches,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 W. Dörfler , M. Elasmi , T. Laufer

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been widely used to solve various scientific computing problems. However, large training costs limit PINNs for some real-time applications. Although some works have been proposed to improve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Xu Liu , Xiaoya Zhang , Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Wen Yao

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a versatile tool in the burgeoning field of scientific machine learning for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). However, determining suitable training strategies for them is not…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Saad Qadeer , Panos Stinis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have demonstrated promise as a framework for solving forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations. Despite recent progress in the field, it remains challenging to quantify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Bruno Jacob , Ashish S. Nair , Amanda A. Howard , Jan Drgona , Panos Stinis

The physics-informed neural network (PINN) is effective in solving the partial differential equation (PDE) by capturing the physics constraints as a part of the training loss function through the Automatic Differentiation (AD). This study…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Zixue Xiang , Wei Peng , Weien Zhou , Wen Yao

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a powerful emerging method for studying forward-inverse problems of partial differential equations (PDEs), even from limited sample data. Variable coefficient PDEs, which model real-world phenomena,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-03-07 Hui-Juan Zhou , Yong Chen

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have been successfully applied to solve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). Their loss function is founded on a strong residual minimization scheme. Variational Physics-Informed Neural Networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Marcin Łoś , Tomasz Służalec , Paweł Maczuga , Askold Vilkha , Carlos Uriarte , Maciej Paszyński

This paper explores the possibilities of applying physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) in topology optimization (TO) by introducing a fully self-supervised TO framework that is based on PINNs. This framework solves the forward…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Junyan He , Shashank Kushwaha , Charul Chadha , Seid Koric , Diab Abueidda , Iwona Jasiuk

Complex physical systems are often described by partial differential equations (PDEs) that depend on parameters such as the Reynolds number in fluid mechanics. In applications such as design optimization or uncertainty quantification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Woojin Cho , Minju Jo , Haksoo Lim , Kookjin Lee , Dongeun Lee , Sanghyun Hong , Noseong Park

In many scientific and engineering (e.g., physical, biochemical, medical) practices, data generated through expensive experiments or large-scale simulations, are often sparse and noisy. Physics-informed neural network (PINN) incorporates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Kai-liang Lu

Physics-informed machine learning frameworks such as Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and Physics-Informed Extreme Learning Machines (PI-ELMs) have shown great promise for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) but struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Vikas Dwivedi , Balaji Srinivasan , Monica Sigovan , Bruno Sixou
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