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Lookup tables (LUTs) are frequently used to efficiently store arrays of precomputed values for complex mathematical computations. When used in the context of neural networks, these functions exhibit a lack of recognizable patterns which…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Oliver Cassidy , Marta Andronic , Samuel Coward , George A. Constantinides

This paper presents a novel approach for performing computations using Look-Up Tables (LUTs) tailored specifically for Compute-in-Memory applications. The aim is to address the scalability challenges associated with LUT-based computation by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Peyman Dehghanzadeh , Baibhab Chatterjee , Swarup Bhunia

Look-Up Table based methods have emerged as a promising direction for efficient image restoration tasks. Recent LUT-based methods focus on improving their performance by expanding the receptive field. However, they inevitably introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiaolong Zeng , Yitong Yu , Shiyao Xiong , Jinhua Hao , Ming Sun , Chao Zhou , Bin Wang

The energy and latency costs of deep neural network inference are increasingly driven by deployment rather than training, motivating hardware-specialized alternatives to arithmetic-heavy models. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Simon Bührer , Andreas Plesner , Aczel Till , Roger Wattenhofer

This study presents advanced neural network architectures including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), and Deep Belief Networks (DBNs) for enhanced ECG signal…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Kayode Inadagbo , Baran Arig , Nisanur Alici , Murat Isik

Deep learning (DL) is becoming the cornerstone of numerous applications both in datacenters and at the edge. Specialized hardware is often necessary to meet the performance requirements of state-of-the-art DL models, but the rapid pace of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Andrew Boutros , Aman Arora , Vaughn Betz

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have the advantage that they can take into account a large number of parameters, which enables them to solve complex tasks. In computer vision and speech recognition, they have a better accuracy than common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Lukas Baischer , Matthias Wess , Nima TaheriNejad

Due to recent advances in digital technologies, and availability of credible data, an area of artificial intelligence, deep learning, has emerged, and has demonstrated its ability and effectiveness in solving complex learning problems not…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Ahmad Shawahna , Sadiq M. Sait , Aiman El-Maleh

While embedded FPGAs are attractive platforms for DNN acceleration on edge-devices due to their low latency and high energy efficiency, the scarcity of resources of edge-scale FPGA devices also makes it challenging for DNN deployment. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Cong Hao , Xiaofan Zhang , Yuhong Li , Sitao Huang , Jinjun Xiong , Kyle Rupnow , Wen-mei Hwu , Deming Chen

Image-adaptive lookup tables (LUTs) have achieved great success in real-time image enhancement tasks due to their high efficiency for modeling color transforms. However, they embed the complete transform, including the color…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Canqian Yang , Meiguang Jin , Yi Xu , Rui Zhang , Ying Chen , Huaida Liu

In this work we introduce Lean Point Networks (LPNs) to train deeper and more accurate point processing networks by relying on three novel point processing blocks that improve memory consumption, inference time, and accuracy: a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Eric-Tuan Le , Iasonas Kokkinos , Niloy J. Mitra

Among hardware accelerators for deep-learning inference, data flow implementations offer low latency and high throughput capabilities. In these architectures, each neuron is mapped to a dedicated hardware unit, making them well-suited for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tobias Habermann , Michael Mecik , Zhenyu Wang , César David Vera , Martin Kumm , Mario Garrido

Large Language Model (LLM) inference becomes resource-intensive, prompting a shift toward low-bit model weights to reduce the memory footprint and improve efficiency. Such low-bit LLMs necessitate the mixed-precision matrix multiplication…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Zhiwen Mo , Lei Wang , Jianyu Wei , Zhichen Zeng , Shijie Cao , Lingxiao Ma , Naifeng Jing , Ting Cao , Jilong Xue , Fan Yang , Mao Yang

Lookup table (LUT) methods demonstrate considerable potential in accelerating image super-resolution inference. However, pursuing higher image quality through larger receptive fields and bit-depth triggers exponential growth in the LUT's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yuxuan Zhang , Zhikai Dong , Xinning Chai , Xiangyun Zhou , Yi Xu , Zhengxue Cheng , Li Song

In view of the large amount of calculation and long calculation time of convolutional neural network (CNN), this paper proposes a convolutional neural network hardware accelerator based on field programmable logic gate array (FPGA). First,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Xiong Jun

Recently, many algorithms have employed image-adaptive lookup tables (LUTs) to achieve real-time image enhancement. Nonetheless, a prevailing trend among existing methods has been the employment of linear combinations of basic LUTs to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Kang Fu , Yicong Peng , Zicheng Zhang , Qihang Xu , Xiaohong Liu , Jia Wang , Guangtao Zhai

With the tremendous success of deep learning, there exists imminent need to deploy deep learning models onto edge devices. To tackle the limited computing and storage resources in edge devices, model compression techniques have been widely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Sung-En Chang , Yanyu Li , Mengshu Sun , Weiwen Jiang , Runbin Shi , Xue Lin , Yanzhi Wang

The recent surge of interest in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) has led to increasingly complex networks that tax computational and memory resources. Many DNNs presently use 16-bit or 32-bit floating point operations. Significant performance…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Zachariah Carmichael , Hamed F. Langroudi , Char Khazanov , Jeffrey Lillie , John L. Gustafson , Dhireesha Kudithipudi

As the emerging field of machine learning, deep learning shows excellent ability in solving complex learning problems. However, the size of the networks becomes increasingly large scale due to the demands of the practical applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Chao Wang , Qi Yu , Lei Gong , Xi Li , Yuan Xie , Xuehai Zhou

There has been a rapid advance of custom hardware (HW) for accelerating the inference speed of deep neural networks (DNNs). Previously, the softmax layer was not a main concern of DNN accelerating HW, because its portion is relatively small…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Ihor Vasyltsov , Wooseok Chang