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Mixture of Experts (MoE) models constitute a widely utilized class of ensemble learning approaches in statistics and machine learning, known for their flexibility and computational efficiency. They have become integral components in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-26 Tuan Thai , TrungTin Nguyen , Dat Do , Nhat Ho , Christopher Drovandi

The ability of robots to handle multiple tasks under a unified policy is critical for deploying embodied intelligence in real-world household and industrial applications. However, out-of-distribution variation across tasks often causes…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Kangjun Guo , Haichao Liu , Yanji Sun , Ruhan Zhao , Jinni Zhou , Jun Ma

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, the state-of-the-art in large-scale AI, achieve high quality by sparsely activating parameters. However, their reliance on routing between a few monolithic experts via a top-k mechanism creates a "quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xinfeng Xia , Jiacheng Liu , Xiaofeng Hou , Peng Tang , Mingxuan Zhang , Wenfeng Wang , Chao Li

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a key technique for scaling Large Language Models by activating only a subset of experts per query. Deploying MoE on consumer-grade edge hardware, however, is constrained by limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guoying Zhu , Meng Li , Haipeng Dai , Xuechen Liu , Weijun Wang , Keran Li , Jun xiao , Ligeng Chen , Wei Wang

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models have emerged as a primary solution for reducing the computational cost of Large Language Models. In this work, we analyze their scaling properties, incorporating an expanded range of variables. Specifically,…

We propose a simple yet effective approach to enhance the performance of feed-forward 3D reconstruction models. Existing methods often struggle near depth discontinuities, where standard regression losses encourage spatial averaging and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zichen Wang , Ang Cao , Liam J. Wang , Jeong Joon Park

The interpretability of Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models, especially those with heterogeneous designs, remains underexplored. Existing attribution methods for dense models fail to capture dynamic routing-expert interactions in sparse MoE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Junzhuo Li , Bo Wang , Xiuze Zhou , Peijie Jiang , Jia Liu , Xuming Hu

Larger networks generally have greater representational power at the cost of increased computational complexity. Sparsifying such networks has been an active area of research but has been generally limited to static regularization or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Xin Wang , Fisher Yu , Lisa Dunlap , Yi-An Ma , Ruth Wang , Azalia Mirhoseini , Trevor Darrell , Joseph E. Gonzalez

Scaling the size of a model enhances its capabilities but significantly increases computation complexity. Mixture-of-Experts models (MoE) address the issue by allowing model size to scale up without substantially increasing training or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Zhenpeng Su , Zijia Lin , Xue Bai , Xing Wu , Yizhe Xiong , Haoran Lian , Guangyuan Ma , Hui Chen , Guiguang Ding , Wei Zhou , Songlin Hu

Mixture of experts (MoE) architectures have become a cornerstone for scaling up and are a key component in most large language models such as GPT-OSS, DeepSeek-V3, Llama-4, and Gemini-2.5. However, systematic research on MoE remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Nam V. Nguyen , Thong T. Doan , Luong Tran , Van Nguyen , Quang Pham

We propose Tensor-Trained Low-Rank Adaptation Mixture of Experts (TT-LoRA MoE), a novel computational framework integrating Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) with sparse MoE routing to address scalability challenges in large model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Pradip Kunwar , Minh N. Vu , Maanak Gupta , Mahmoud Abdelsalam , Manish Bhattarai

We present DeepSeek-VL2, an advanced series of large Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) Vision-Language Models that significantly improves upon its predecessor, DeepSeek-VL, through two key major upgrades. For the vision component, we incorporate a…

Mixture of Experts (MoE) models enhance neural network scalability by dynamically selecting relevant experts per input token, enabling larger model sizes while maintaining manageable computation costs. However, efficient training of…

Mixtures-of-Experts (MoE) are conditional mixture models that have shown their performance in modeling heterogeneity in data in many statistical learning approaches for prediction, including regression and classification, as well as for…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-17 Bao Tuyen Huynh , Faicel Chamroukhi

Recently, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has become one of the most popular techniques to scale pre-trained models to extraordinarily large sizes. Dynamic activation of experts allows for conditional computation, increasing the number of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Zheng Zhang , Donglin Yang , Yaqi Xia , Liang Ding , Dacheng Tao , Xiaobo Zhou , Dazhao Cheng

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as a promising direction for scaling vision architectures efficiently. Among them, Soft MoE improves training stability by assigning each token to all experts via continuous dispatch weights.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chengxi Min , Wei Wang , Yahui Liu , Weixin Ye , Enver Sangineto , Qi Wang , Yao Zhao

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have gained significant attention in deep learning due to their dynamic resource allocation and superior performance across diverse tasks. However, efficiently training these models remains challenging.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Junfeng Ran , Guangxiang Zhao , Yuhan Wu , Dawei Zhu , Longyun Wu , Yikai Zhao , Tong Yang , Lin Sun , Xiangzheng Zhang , Sujian Li

Continual learning (CL) has garnered significant attention because of its ability to adapt to new tasks that arrive over time. Catastrophic forgetting (of old tasks) has been identified as a major issue in CL, as the model adapts to new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hongbo Li , Sen Lin , Lingjie Duan , Yingbin Liang , Ness B. Shroff

Mixture of experts (MoE) models are a class of artificial neural networks that can be used for functional approximation and probabilistic modeling. An important class of MoE models is the class of mixture of linear experts (MoLE) models,…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-05-29 Hien D. Nguyen , Faicel Chamroukhi , Florence Forbes

MoE-PEFT methods combine Mixture of Experts with parameter-efficient fine-tuning for multi-task adaptation, but require separate adapters per expert causing trainable parameters to scale linearly with expert count and limiting applicability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Md Kowsher , Haris Mansoor , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Ozlem Garibay , Victor Zhu , Zhengping Ji , Chen Chen