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Working memory - the ability to remember recent events as they recede continuously into the past - requires the ability to represent any stimulus at any time delay. This property requires neurons coding working memory to show mixed…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-12 Aakash Sarkar , Chenyu Wang , Shangfu Zuo , Marc W. Howard

Firing across populations of neurons in many regions of the mammalian brain maintains a temporal memory, a neural timeline of the recent past. Behavioral results demonstrate that people can both remember the past and anticipate the future…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-24 Marc W. Howard , Zahra G. Esfahani , Bao Le , Per B. Sederberg

Working memory is a cognitive function involving the storage and manipulation of latent information over brief intervals of time, thus making it crucial for context-dependent computation. Here, we use a top-down modeling approach to examine…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-17 Elham Ghazizadeh , ShiNung Ching

Many daily activities and psychophysical experiments involve keeping multiple items in working memory. When items take continuous values (e.g., orientation, contrast, length, loudness) they must be stored in a continuous structure of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-12-21 Christopher J. Cueva , Adel Ardalan , Misha Tsodyks , Ning Qian

The storage of continuous variables in working memory is hypothesized to be sustained in the brain by the dynamics of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) whose steady states form continuous manifolds. In some cases, it is thought that the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-31 Haggai Agmon , Yoram Burak

Continuous attractor networks (CANs) are a well-established class of models for representing low-dimensional continuous variables such as head direction, spatial position, and phase. In canonical spatial domains, transitions along the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-23 Daniel Brownell

Continuous attractors have been used to understand recent neuroscience experiments where persistent activity patterns encode internal representations of external attributes like head direction or spatial location. However, the conditions…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-01-01 Weishun Zhong , Zhiyue Lu , David J Schwab , Arvind Murugan

Neural networks transform high-dimensional data into compact, structured representations, often modeled as elements of a lower dimensional latent space. In this paper, we present an alternative interpretation of neural models as dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Marco Fumero , Luca Moschella , Emanuele Rodolà , Francesco Locatello

Memory for the past makes use of a record of what happened when---a function over past time. Time cells in the hippocampus and temporal context cells in the entorhinal cortex both code for events as a function of past time, but with very…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-03-27 Marc W. Howard , Michael E. Hasselmo

We investigate the predictive power of recurrent neural networks for oscillatory systems not only on the attractor, but in its vicinity as well. For this we consider systems perturbed by an external force. This allows us to not merely…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2019-07-02 Rok Cestnik , Markus Abel

Neural manifolds are an attractive theoretical framework for characterizing the complex behaviors of neural populations. However, many of the tools for identifying these low-dimensional subspaces are correlational and provide limited…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-12 Christof Fehrman , C. Daniel Meliza

Understanding how the dynamics of a neural network is shaped by the network structure, and consequently how the network structure facilitates the functions implemented by the neural system, is at the core of using mathematical models to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2011-04-12 C. C. Alan Fung , K. Y. Michael Wong , Si Wu

Self-sustained, elevated neuronal activity persisting on time scales of ten seconds or longer is thought to be vital for aspects of working memory, including brain representations of real space. Continuous-attractor neural networks, one of…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-19 Joseph L. Natale , H. George E. Hentschel , Ilya Nemenman

Animals thrive in a constantly changing environment and leverage the temporal structure to learn well-factorized causal representations. In contrast, traditional neural networks suffer from forgetting in changing environments and many…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Ali Hummos

Neural dynamical systems with stable attractor structures, such as point attractors and continuous attractors, are hypothesized to underlie meaningful temporal behavior that requires working memory. However, working memory may not support…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-25 Il Memming Park , Ábel Ságodi , Piotr Aleksander Sokół

Recently, researchers have found time cells in the hippocampus that appear to contain information about the timing of past events. Some researchers have argued that time cells are taking a Laplace transform of their input in order to…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-30 Alexander Hsu , Sarah Marzen

We present a comprehensive, novel framework for understanding how the neocortex, including the thalamocortical loops through the deep layers, can support a temporal context representation in the service of predictive learning. Many have…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-07-15 Randall C. O'Reilly , Dean Wyatte , John Rohrlich

Continuous attractor neural networks generate a set of smoothly connected attractor states. In memory systems of the brain, these attractor states may represent continuous pieces of information such as spatial locations and head directions…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-01-16 Chi Chung Alan Fung , Tomoki Fukai

Neural circuits in the brain perform a variety of essential functions, including input classification, pattern completion, and the generation of rhythms and oscillations that support processes such as breathing and locomotion. There is also…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-16 Juliana Londono Alvarez

Hippocampal place and time cells encode spatial and temporal aspects of experience. Both have the same neural substrate, but have been modeled as having different functions and mechanistic origins, place cells as continuous attractors, and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-02 Qiaorong S. Yu , Zhaoze Wang , Vijay Balasubramanian
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