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Annotating datasets for question answering (QA) tasks is very costly, as it requires intensive manual labor and often domain-specific knowledge. Yet strategies for annotating QA datasets in a cost-effective manner are scarce. To provide a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-09 Bernhard Kratzwald , Xiang Yue , Huan Sun , Stefan Feuerriegel

When we can not assume a large amount of annotated data , active learning is a good strategy. It consists in learning a model on a small amount of annotated data (annotation budget) and in choosing the best set of points to annotate in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Umang Aggarwal , Adrian Popescu , Céline Hudelot

Person re-identification (re-ID) has gained more and more attention due to its widespread applications in intelligent video surveillance. Unfortunately, the mainstream deep learning methods still need a large quantity of labeled data to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Qi Wang , Sikai Bai , Junyu Gao , Yuan Yuan , Xuelong Li

This work addresses challenges arising from extracting entities from textual data, including the high cost of data annotation, model accuracy, selecting appropriate evaluation criteria, and the overall quality of annotation. We present a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Hussein S. Al-Olimat , Steven Gustafson , Jason Mackay , Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan , Amit Sheth

Machine unlearning focuses on efficiently removing specific data from trained models, addressing privacy and compliance concerns with reasonable costs. Although exact unlearning ensures complete data removal equivalent to retraining, it is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Nima Naderloui , Shenao Yan , Binghui Wang , Jie Fu , Wendy Hui Wang , Weiran Liu , Yuan Hong

Applied mathematics and machine computations have raised a lot of hope since the recent success of supervised learning. Many practitioners in industries have been trying to switch from their old paradigms to machine learning. Interestingly,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Vivien Cabannes

Unstructured text data annotation is foundational to management research. LLMs offer a cost-effective and scalable alternative to human annotation, but they introduce a novel challenge: the annotator itself can be retired. Proprietary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xiang Cheng , Raveesh Mayya , João Sedoc

Semantic segmentation has been widely investigated in the community, in which the state of the art techniques are based on supervised models. Those models have reported unprecedented performance at the cost of requiring a large set of high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-11 Rihuan Ke , Angelica Aviles-Rivero , Saurabh Pandey , Saikumar Reddy , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

Representation learning stands as one of the critical machine learning techniques across various domains. Through the acquisition of high-quality features, pre-trained embeddings significantly reduce input space redundancy, benefiting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Suiyao Chen , Jing Wu , Naira Hovakimyan , Handong Yao

Manually annotating instruction data for large language models is difficult, costly, and hard to scale. Meanwhile, current automatic annotation methods typically rely on distilling synthetic data from proprietary LLMs, which not only limits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Shu Chen , Xinyan Guan , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Knowledge of the input format of binary executables is important for finding bugs and vulnerabilities, such as generating data for fuzzing or manual reverse engineering. This paper presents an algorithm to recover the structure and semantic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Seshagiri Prabhu Narasimha , Arun Lakhotia

Since hardware oftentimes serves as the root of trust in our modern interconnected world, malicious hardware manipulations constitute a ubiquitous threat in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). Hardware reverse engineering is a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Sebastian Wallat , Nils Albartus , Steffen Becker , Max Hoffmann , Maik Ender , Marc Fyrbiak , Adrian Drees , Sebastian Maaßen , Christof Paar

Radiology report annotation is essential for clinical NLP, yet manual labeling is slow and costly. We present RadAnnotate, an LLM-based framework that studies retrieval-augmented synthetic reports and confidence-based selective automation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Saisha Pradeep Shetty , Roger Eric Goldman , Vladimir Filkov

We present SAINE, an Scientific Annotation and Inference ENgine based on a set of standard open-source software, such as Label Studio and MLflow. We show that our annotation engine can benefit the further development of a more accurate…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Susie Xi Rao , Yilei Tu , Peter H. Egger

ReDash extends Dash's arithmetic garbled circuits to provide a more flexible and efficient framework for secure outsourced inference. By introducing a novel garbled scaling gadget based on a generalized base extension for the residue number…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Felix Maurer , Jonas Sander , Thomas Eisenbarth

Pseudospectral analysis is fundamental for quantifying the sensitivity and transient behavior of nonnormal matrices, yet its computational cost scales cubically with dimension, rendering it prohibitive for large-scale systems. While…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Vladimir R. Kostic , Dragana Lj. Cvetkovic , Ljiljana Cvetkovic

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated remarkable performance on complex tasks through imitation learning in recent robotic manipulation works. Based on large-scale and high-quality demonstration datasets, existing imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuquan Xue , Guanxing Lu , Zhenyu Wu , Chuanrui Zhang , Bofang Jia , Zhengyi Gu , Ziwei Wang

Few-shot video object segmentation aims to reduce annotation costs; however, existing methods still require abundant dense frame annotations for training, which are scarce in the medical domain. We investigate an extremely low-data regime…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Zixuan Zheng , Yilei Shi , Chunlei Li , Jingliang Hu , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Lichao Mou

AI systems in high-consequence domains such as defense, intelligence, and disaster response must detect rare, high-impact events while operating under tight resource constraints. Traditional annotation strategies that prioritize label…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Dave Cook , Tim Klawa

While deep learning is a powerful tool for natural language processing (NLP) problems, successful solutions to these problems rely heavily on large amounts of annotated samples. However, manually annotating data is expensive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Rishi Hazra , Parag Dutta , Shubham Gupta , Mohammed Abdul Qaathir , Ambedkar Dukkipati