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Related papers: On Regularization via Early Stopping for Least Squ…

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Stochastic gradient descent is one of the most successful approaches for solving large-scale problems, especially in machine learning and statistics. At each iteration, it employs an unbiased estimator of the full gradient computed from one…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Bangti Jin , Xiliang Lu

We study the implicit regularization of mini-batch stochastic gradient descent, when applied to the fundamental problem of least squares regression. We leverage a continuous-time stochastic differential equation having the same moments as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-23 Alnur Ali , Edgar Dobriban , Ryan J. Tibshirani

Early stopping is a widely used technique to prevent poor generalization performance when training an over-expressive model by means of gradient-based optimization. To find a good point to halt the optimizer, a common practice is to split…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-07 Maren Mahsereci , Lukas Balles , Christoph Lassner , Philipp Hennig

In this paper, we study the implicit bias of gradient descent for sparse regression. We extend results on regression with quadratic parametrization, which amounts to depth-2 diagonal linear networks, to more general depth-N networks, under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-28 Jiangyuan Li , Thanh V. Nguyen , Chinmay Hegde , Raymond K. W. Wong

In overparameterized logistic regression, gradient descent (GD) iterates diverge in norm while converging in direction to the maximum $\ell_2$-margin solution -- a phenomenon known as the implicit bias of GD. This work investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jingfeng Wu , Peter Bartlett , Matus Telgarsky , Bin Yu

We provide a statistical analysis of regularization-based continual learning on a sequence of linear regression tasks, with emphasis on how different regularization terms affect the model performance. We first derive the convergence rate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Xuyang Zhao , Huiyuan Wang , Weiran Huang , Wei Lin

The strategy of early stopping is a regularization technique based on choosing a stopping time for an iterative algorithm. Focusing on non-parametric regression in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space, we analyze the early stopping strategy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-06-18 Garvesh Raskutti , Martin J. Wainwright , Bin Yu

A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

Early stopping is a simple and widely used method to prevent over-training neural networks. We develop theoretical results to reveal the relationship between the optimal early stopping time and model dimension as well as sample size of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Ruoqi Shen , Liyao Gao , Yi-An Ma

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) exhibits strong algorithmic regularization effects in practice, which has been hypothesized to play an important role in the generalization of modern machine learning approaches. In this work, we seek to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Difan Zou , Jingfeng Wu , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Dean P. Foster , Sham M. Kakade

We study the statistical properties of the iterates generated by gradient descent, applied to the fundamental problem of least squares regression. We take a continuous-time view, i.e., consider infinitesimal step sizes in gradient descent,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-26 Alnur Ali , J. Zico Kolter , Ryan J. Tibshirani

Modern machine learning models are often trained in a setting where the number of parameters exceeds the number of training samples. To understand the implicit bias of gradient descent in such overparameterized models, prior work has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-29 Hannes Matt , Dominik Stöger

We study problem-dependent rates, i.e., generalization errors that scale near-optimally with the variance, the effective loss, or the gradient norms evaluated at the "best hypothesis." We introduce a principled framework dubbed "uniform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-25 Yunbei Xu , Assaf Zeevi

Early stopping is a well known approach to reduce the time complexity for performing training and model selection of large scale learning machines. On the other hand, memory/space (rather than time) complexity is the main constraint in many…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-02 Tomas Angles , Raffaello Camoriano , Alessandro Rudi , Lorenzo Rosasco

When optimizing over-parameterized models, such as deep neural networks, a large set of parameters can achieve zero training error. In such cases, the choice of the optimization algorithm and its respective hyper-parameters introduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Gauthier Gidel , Francis Bach , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Batch Normalization (BN) has become a cornerstone of deep learning across diverse architectures, appearing to help optimization as well as generalization. While the idea makes intuitive sense, theoretical analysis of its effectiveness has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-11 Sanjeev Arora , Zhiyuan Li , Kaifeng Lyu

In this work, we investigate the effect of momentum on the optimisation trajectory of gradient descent. We leverage a continuous-time approach in the analysis of momentum gradient descent with step size $\gamma$ and momentum parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Hristo Papazov , Scott Pesme , Nicolas Flammarion

We introduce a general framework for analyzing learning algorithms based on the notion of self-regularization, which captures implicit complexity control without requiring explicit regularization. This is motivated by previous observations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-19 Max Schölpple , Liu Fanghui , Ingo Steinwart

In recent years, new regularization methods based on (deep) neural networks have shown very promising empirical performance for the numerical solution of ill-posed problems, e.g., in medical imaging and imaging science. Due to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Tim Jahn , Bangti Jin

The study on the implicit regularization induced by gradient-based optimization is a longstanding pursuit. In the present paper, we characterize the implicit regularization of momentum gradient descent (MGD) with early stopping by comparing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-17 Li Wang , Yingcong Zhou , Zhiguo Fu
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