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This paper is about modeling and verification languages with their pros and cons. Modeling is dynamic part of system development process before realization. The cost and risky situations obligate designer to model system before production…

The dependency on the correct functioning of embedded systems is rapidly growing, mainly due to their wide range of applications, such as micro-grids, automotive device control, health care, surveillance, mobile devices, and consumer…

Consensus protocols are crucial for a blockchain system as they are what allow agreement between the system's nodes in a potentially adversarial environment. For this reason, it is paramount to ensure their correct design and implementation…

In the current control design of safety-critical autonomous systems, formal verification techniques are typically applied after the controller is designed to evaluate whether the required properties (e.g., safety) are satisfied. However,…

Propositional bounded model checking has been applied successfully to verify embedded software but is limited by the increasing propositional formula size and the loss of structure during the translation. These limitations can be reduced by…

The miscalibration of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) undermines their reliability in high-stakes domains, necessitating methods to accurately estimate the confidence of their long-form, multi-step outputs. To address this gap, we introduce…

The emergence of the Industrial Internet results in an increasing number of complicated temporal interdependencies between automation systems and the processes to be controlled. There is a need for verification methods that scale better…

Remote attestation is one of the ways to verify the state of an untrusted device. Earlier research has attempted remote verification of a devices' state using hardware, software, or hybrid approaches. Majority of them have used Attestation…

Attestation is a fundamental building block to establish trust over software systems. When used in conjunction with trusted execution environments, it guarantees that genuine code is executed even when facing strong attackers, paving the…

Verification of modern microprocessors is a complex task that requires a substantial allocation of resources. Despite significant progress in formal verification, the goal of complete verification of an industrial design has not been…

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools for radiology are commonly unmonitored once deployed. The lack of real-time case-by-case assessments of AI prediction confidence requires users to independently distinguish between trustworthy and…

RustMC is a stateless model checker that enables verification of concurrent Rust programs. As both Rust and C/C++ compile to LLVM IR, RustMC builds on GenMC which provides a verification framework for LLVM IR. This enables the automatic…

Despite the transformative potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in hardware design, a comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities in design verification remains underexplored. Current efforts predominantly focus on RTL generation…

Fault injections are increasingly used to attack/test secure applications. In this paper, we define formal models of runtime monitors that can detect fault injections that result in test inversion attacks and arbitrary jumps in the control…

Assertion-based verification (ABV) is a cornerstone of modern hardware design, yet manually translating design intent into formal SystemVerilog Assertions (SVAs) remains labor-intensive and error-prone. While Large Language Models (LLMs)…

The organizations and researchers producing research software face a common problem of making their software sustainable beyond funding provided by a single research project. This is addressed by research software engineers through building…

Reliability has been a major concern in embedded systems. Higher transistor density and lower voltage supply increase the vulnerability of embedded systems to soft errors. A Single Event Upset (SEU), which is also called a soft error, can…

In today's world, critical infrastructure is often controlled by computing systems. This introduces new risks for cyber attacks, which can compromise the security and disrupt the functionality of these systems. It is therefore necessary to…

Given its ability to analyse stochastic models ranging from discrete and continuous-time Markov chains to Markov decision processes and stochastic games, probabilistic model checking (PMC) is widely used to verify system dependability and…

Machine Learning (ML) is increasingly used to implement advanced applications with non-deterministic behavior, which operate on the cloud-edge continuum. The pervasive adoption of ML is urgently calling for assurance solutions assessing…