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State Space Models (SSMs), especially Mamba, have shown great promise in medical image segmentation due to their ability to model long-range dependencies with linear computational complexity. However, accurate medical image segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Chaowei Chen , Li Yu , Shiquan Min , Shunfang Wang

In recent years, effectively modeling multivariate time series has gained significant popularity, mainly due to its wide range of applications, ranging from healthcare to financial markets and energy management. Transformers, MLPs, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Asal Meskin , Alireza Mirrokni , Ali Najar , Ali Behrouz

Time series analysis by state-space models is widely used in forecasting and extracting unobservable components like level, slope, and seasonality, along with explanatory variables. However, their reliance on traditional Kalman filtering…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-20 André Ramos , Davi Valladão , Alexandre Street

Structured state-space models (SSMs) such as S4, stemming from the seminal work of Gu et al., are gaining popularity as effective approaches for modeling sequential data. Deep SSMs demonstrate outstanding performance across a diverse set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Nicola Muca Cirone , Antonio Orvieto , Benjamin Walker , Cristopher Salvi , Terry Lyons

As one of the most effective methods for cardiovascular disease (CVD) diagnosis, multi-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals present a characteristic multi-sensor information fusion challenge that has been continuously researched in deep…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Huaicheng Zhang , Ruoxin Wang , Chenlian Zhou , Jiguang Shi , Yue Ge , Zhoutong Li , Sheng Chang , Hao Wang , Jin He , Qijun Huang

Current automatic speech recognition systems struggle with modeling long speech sequences due to high quadratic complexity of Transformer-based models. Selective state space models such as Mamba has performed well on long-sequence modeling…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-30 Xiaoxue Gao , Nancy F. Chen

Scientific foundation models are expected to reuse representations under changes in dataset, acquisition protocol, and deployment domain, yet many sequence backbones treat scientific temporal structure as an unconstrained pattern to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sangyoon Bae , Shinjae Yoo , Jiook Cha

Spatial-Spectral Mamba (SSM) improves computational efficiency and captures long-range dependencies, addressing Transformer limitations. However, traditional Mamba models overlook rich spectral information in HSIs and struggle with high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Muhammad Ahmad , Muhammad Hassaan Farooq Butt , Muhammad Usama , Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri , Manuel Mazzara , Salvatore Distefano

A key claim in recent work on Selective State Space Models is that selectivity, the ability to focus on relevant information while filtering irrelevant inputs, requires breaking the Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) property through time-varying…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-13 Umberto Casti , Giacomo Baggio , Sandro Zampieri , Fabio Pasqualetti

A central goal of sequence modeling is designing a single principled model that can address sequence data across a range of modalities and tasks, particularly on long-range dependencies. Although conventional models including RNNs, CNNs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Albert Gu , Karan Goel , Christopher Ré

Medical time series are central to healthcare, enabling continuous monitoring and supporting timely clinical decisions. Despite recent progress, existing methods struggle to jointly model local-global dynamics and handle nonstationarities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Da Zhang , Bingyu Li , Zhiyuan Zhao , Hongyuan Zhang , Junyu Gao , Xuelong Li

State space models (SSMs) have emerged as a powerful framework for modelling long-range dependencies in sequence data. Unlike traditional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), SSMs offer a structured and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Siddhanth Bhat

By sharing complementary perceptual information, multi-agent collaborative perception fosters a deeper understanding of the environment. Recent studies on collaborative perception mostly utilize CNNs or Transformers to learn feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Yang Li , Quan Yuan , Guiyang Luo , Xiaoyuan Fu , Xuanhan Zhu , Yujia Yang , Rui Pan , Jinglin Li

Attention mechanisms have been widely used to capture long-range dependencies among nodes in Graph Transformers. Bottlenecked by the quadratic computational cost, attention mechanisms fail to scale in large graphs. Recent improvements in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Chloe Wang , Oleksii Tsepa , Jun Ma , Bo Wang

Linear time-invariant state space models (SSM) are a classical model from engineering and statistics, that have recently been shown to be very promising in machine learning through the Structured State Space sequence model (S4). A core…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Albert Gu , Isys Johnson , Aman Timalsina , Atri Rudra , Christopher Ré

Accurate and efficient multivariate time series (MTS) analysis is increasingly critical for a wide range of intelligent applications. Within this realm, Transformers have emerged as the predominant architecture due to their strong ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Rui An , Haohao Qu , Wenqi Fan , Xuequn Shang , Qing Li

U-shaped architectures have long dominated the field of medical image segmentation, while Transformers are widely employed for modeling long-range dependencies. The former typically handles scale variations implicitly by aggregating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yanhua Zhang , Ke Zhang , Jingyu Wang , Gabriella Balestra , Samanta Rosati , Yulin Wu , Wuwei Wang , Valentina Giannini

Mamba has garnered widespread attention due to its flexible design and efficient hardware performance to process 1D sequences based on the state space model (SSM). Recent studies have attempted to apply Mamba to the visual domain by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Chengkun Wang , Wenzhao Zheng , Yuanhui Huang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Interpretable classification of time series presents significant challenges in high dimensions. Traditional feature selection methods in the frequency domain often assume sparsity in spectral density matrices (SDMs) or their inverses, which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-19 Sarbojit Roy , Malik Shahid Sultan , Hernando Ombao

State-space modeling has emerged as a powerful paradigm for sequence analysis in various tasks such as natural language processing, time-series forecasting, and signal processing. In this work, we propose an \emph{Adaptive State-Space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Alice Zhang , Chao Li