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The spatial properties of the solar magnetic field are crucial to decoding the physical processes in the solar interior and their interplanetary effects. However, observations from older instruments, such as the Michelson Doppler Imager…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-11 Francesco Pio Ramunno , Paolo Massa , Vitaliy Kinakh , Brandon Panos , André Csillaghy , Slava Voloshynovskiy

We introduce a universal diffusion-based downscaling framework that lifts deterministic low-resolution weather forecasts into probabilistic high-resolution predictions without any model-specific fine-tuning. A single conditional diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Roberto Molinaro , Niall Siegenheim , Henry Martin , Mark Frey , Niels Poulsen , Philipp Seitz , Marvin Vincent Gabler

Deep neural networks have recently achieved significant advancements in remote sensing superresolu-tion (SR). However, most existing methods are limited to low magnification rates (e.g., 2 or 4) due to the escalating ill-posedness at higher…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-30 Yue Shi , Liangxiu Han , Darren Dancy , Lianghao Han

Diffusion models have demonstrated excellent performance for real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR), albeit at high computational costs. Most existing methods are trying to derive one-step diffusion models from multi-step counterparts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jianze Li , Jiezhang Cao , Zichen Zou , Xiongfei Su , Xin Yuan , Yulun Zhang , Yong Guo , Xiaokang Yang

This study aims to improve the spatial representation of uncertainties when regressing surface wind speeds from large-scale atmospheric predictors for sub-seasonal forecasting. Sub-seasonal forecasting often relies on large-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ganglin Tian , Anastase Alexandre Charantonis , Camille Le Coz , Alexis Tantet , Riwal Plougonven

Super-resolution (SR) techniques aim to enhance data resolution, enabling the retrieval of finer details, and improving the overall quality and fidelity of the data representation. There is growing interest in applying SR methods to complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Pu Ren , N. Benjamin Erichson , Junyi Guo , Shashank Subramanian , Omer San , Zarija Lukic , Michael W. Mahoney

Remote sensing image change description represents an innovative multimodal task within the realm of remote sensing processing.This task not only facilitates the detection of alterations in surface conditions, but also provides…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dongwei Sun , Jing Yao , Wu Xue , Changsheng Zhou , Pedram Ghamisi , Xiangyong Cao

We present Bayesian Diffusion Models (BDM), a prediction algorithm that performs effective Bayesian inference by tightly coupling the top-down (prior) information with the bottom-up (data-driven) procedure via joint diffusion processes. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Haiyang Xu , Yu Lei , Zeyuan Chen , Xiang Zhang , Yue Zhao , Yilin Wang , Zhuowen Tu

Understanding the risks posed by extreme rainfall events requires analysis of precipitation fields with high resolution (to assess localized hazards) and extensive historical coverage (to capture sufficient examples of rare occurrences).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yuhao Liu , James Doss-Gollin , Qiushi Dai , Ashok Veeraraghavan , Guha Balakrishnan

The success of deep learning techniques over the last decades has opened up a new avenue of research for weather forecasting. Here, we take the novel approach of using a neural network to predict full probability density functions at each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-01-05 Mariana Clare , Omar Jamil , Cyril Morcrette

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool for modeling turbulent flow and is commonly used for urban microclimate simulations. However, traditional CFD methods are computationally intensive, requiring substantial hardware…

Super resolution techniques can enhance the spatial resolution of remote sensing images, enabling more efficient large scale earth observation applications. While single image SR methods enhance low resolution images, they neglect valuable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ce Wang , Wanjie Sun

Diffusion models have become a successful approach for solving various image inverse problems by providing a powerful diffusion prior. Many studies tried to combine the measurement into diffusion by score function replacement, matrix…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Hanyu Chen , Zhixiu Hao , Liying Xiao

Seasonal forecasting remains challenging due to the inherent chaotic nature of atmospheric dynamics. This paper introduces DeepSeasons, a novel deep learning approach designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of seasonal forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 A. Navarra , G. G. Navarra

High-resolution precipitation forecasts are crucial for providing accurate weather prediction and supporting effective responses to extreme weather events. Traditional numerical models struggle with stochastic subgrid-scale processes, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shuangshuang He , Hongli Liang , Yuanting Zhang , Xingyuan Yuan

The acquisition of high-resolution satellite imagery is often constrained by the spatial and temporal limitations of satellite sensors, as well as the high costs associated with frequent observations. These challenges hinder applications…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Luigi Sigillo , Renato Giamba , Danilo Comminiello

Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution (RSISR) reconstructs high-resolution (HR) remote sensing images from low-resolution inputs to support fine-grained ground object interpretation. Existing methods face three key challenges: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yide Liu , Haijiang Sun , Xiaowen Zhang , Qiaoyuan Liu , Zhouchang Chen , Chongzhuo Xiao

While diffusion models can successfully generate data and make predictions, they are predominantly designed for static images. We propose an approach for efficiently training diffusion models for probabilistic spatiotemporal forecasting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Salva Rühling Cachay , Bo Zhao , Hailey Joren , Rose Yu

Mesh reconstruction from multi-view images is a fundamental problem in computer vision, but its performance degrades significantly under sparse-view conditions, especially in unseen regions where no ground-truth observations are available.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Haoyang Wang , Liming Liu , Peiheng Wang , Junlin Hao , Jiangkai Wu , Xinggong Zhang

The transition to green energy grids depends on detailed wind and solar forecasts to optimize the siting and scheduling of renewable energy generation. Operational forecasts from numerical weather prediction models, however, only have a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Rupa Kurinchi-Vendhan , Björn Lütjens , Ritwik Gupta , Lucien Werner , Dava Newman
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