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Accurate marine wind forecasts are essential for safe navigation, ship routing, and energy operations, yet they remain challenging because observations over the ocean are sparse, heterogeneous, and temporally variable. We reformulate wind…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Matteo Peduto , Qidong Yang , Jonathan Giezendanner , Devis Tuia , Sherrie Wang

We present ORCAst, a multi-stage, multi-arm network for Operational high-Resolution Current forecAsts over one week. Producing real-time nowcasts and forecasts of ocean surface currents is a challenging problem due to indirect or incomplete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Pierre Garcia , Inès Larroche , Amélie Pesnec , Hannah Bull , Théo Archambault , Evangelos Moschos , Alexandre Stegner , Anastase Charantonis , Dominique Béréziat

Sea level change, one of the most dire impacts of anthropogenic global warming, will affect a large amount of the world's population. However, sea level change is not uniform in time and space, and the skill of conventional prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-20 Anne Braakmann-Folgmann , Ribana Roscher , Susanne Wenzel , Bernd Uebbing , Jürgen Kusche

Global ocean forecasting aims to predict key ocean variables such as temperature, salinity, and currents, which is essential for understanding and describing oceanic phenomena. In recent years, data-driven deep learning-based ocean forecast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Haoming Jia , Yi Han , Xiang Wang , Huizan Wang , Wei Wu , Jianming Zheng , Peikun Xiao

Accurate atmospheric wind field information is crucial for various applications, including weather forecasting, aviation safety, and disaster risk reduction. However, obtaining high spatiotemporal resolution wind data remains challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yuchen Ye , Chaoxia Yuan , Mingyu Li , Aoqi Zhou , Hong Liang , Chunqing Shang , Kezuan Wang , Yifeng Zheng , Cong Chen

PM2.5 forecasting is crucial for public health, air quality management, and policy development. Traditional physics-based models are computationally demanding and slow to adapt to real-time conditions. Deep learning models show potential in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Shengjuan Cai , Fangxin Fang , Vincent-Henri Peuch , Mihai Alexe , Ionel Michael Navon , Yanghua Wang

This paper proposes a machine learning method based on the Extra Trees (ET) algorithm for forecasting Significant Wave Heights in oceanic waters. To derive multiple features from the CDIP buoys, which make point measurements, we first…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-07-15 Pujan Pokhrel

Sea ice at the North Pole is vital to global climate dynamics. However, accurately forecasting sea ice poses a significant challenge due to the intricate interaction among multiple variables. Leveraging the capability to integrate multiple…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaesung Park , Sungchul Hong , Yoonseo Cho , Jong-June Jeon

We present a significantly-improved data-driven global weather forecasting framework using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to forecast several basic atmospheric variables on a global grid. New developments in this framework…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 Jonathan A. Weyn , Dale R. Durran , Rich Caruana

In situ and remotely sensed observations have potential to facilitate data-driven predictive models for oceanography. A suite of machine learning models, including regression, decision tree and deep learning approaches were developed to…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-06-24 Stefan Wolff , Fearghal O'Donncha , Bei Chen

Underwater environments pose significant challenges due to the selective absorption and scattering of light by water, which affects image clarity, contrast, and color fidelity. To overcome these, we introduce OceanLens, a method that models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Rajini Makam , Dhatri Shankari T M , Sharanya Patil , Suresh Sundram

Accurate wind speed prediction is crucial for designing and selecting sites for offshore wind farms. This paper investigates the effectiveness of various machine learning models in predicting offshore wind power for a site near the Gulf of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-19 Linhan Fang , Fan Jiang , Ann Mary Toms , Xingpeng Li

Recently, there has been a surge of research on data-driven weather forecasting systems, especially applications based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). These are usually trained on atmospheric data represented on regular…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-09-18 Sebastian Scher , Gabriele Messori

This article explores the concepts of ocean wave multivariate multistep forecasting, reconstruction and feature selection. We introduce recurrent neural network frameworks, integrated with Bayesian hyperparameter optimization and Elastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Mohammad Pirhooshyaran , Lawrence V. Snyder

Orbital angular momentum (OAM)-encoding has recently emerged as an effective approach for increasing the channel capacity of free-space optical communications. In this paper, OAM-based decoding is formulated as a supervised classification…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-19 Soheil Rostami , Walid Saad , Choong Seon Hong

The midlatitude climate and weather are shaped by storms, yet the factors governing their predictability remain insufficiently understood. Here, we use a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to predict and quantify uncertainty in the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-10-30 Wuqiushi Yao , Or Hadas , Yohai Kaspi

Weather forecasting plays a crucial role in supporting strategic decisions across various sectors, including agriculture, renewable energy production, and disaster management. However, the inherently dynamic and chaotic behavior of the…

Global medium-range weather forecasting is critical to decision-making across many social and economic domains. Traditional numerical weather prediction uses increased compute resources to improve forecast accuracy, but cannot directly use…

Data-driven, deep-learning modeling frameworks have been recently developed for forecasting time series data. Such machine learning models may be useful in multiple domains including the atmospheric and oceanic ones, and in general, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ellery Rajagopal , Anantha N. S. Babu , Tony Ryu , Patrick J. Haley , Chris Mirabito , Pierre F. J. Lermusiaux

Regional rainfall forecasting is an important issue in hydrology and meteorology. This paper aims to design an integrated tool by applying various machine learning algorithms, especially the state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Ning Yu , Timothy Haskins