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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional abilities in reasoning for task planning. However, challenges remain under-explored for parallel schedules. This paper introduces a novel paradigm, plan-over-graph, in which the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Shiqi Zhang , Xinbei Ma , Zouying Cao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

Recently, Language Models (LMs) instruction-tuned on multiple tasks, also known as multitask-prompted fine-tuning (MT), have shown the capability to generalize to unseen tasks. Previous work has shown that scaling the number of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Joel Jang , Seungone Kim , Seonghyeon Ye , Doyoung Kim , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee , Minjoon Seo

Despite their powerful text generation capabilities, large language models (LLMs) still struggle to effectively utilize external tools to solve complex tasks, a challenge known as tool learning. Existing methods primarily rely on supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yuanqing Yu , Zhefan Wang , Weizhi Ma , Shuai Wang , Chuhan Wu , Zhiqiang Guo , Min Zhang

Agents utilizing tools powered by large language models (LLMs) or vision-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in diverse tasks across text and visual modalities. Unlike traditional tools such as calculators, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Yunzhong Xiao , Yangmin Li , Hewei Wang , Yunlong Tang , Zora Zhiruo Wang

Multi-constraint planning involves identifying, evaluating, and refining candidate plans while satisfying multiple, potentially conflicting constraints. Existing large language model (LLM) approaches face fundamental limitations in this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Derrick Goh Xin Deik , Quanyu Long , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen , Wenya Wang

Robots need task planning methods to achieve goals that require more than individual actions. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in task planning. LLMs can generate a step-by-step solution using…

The combination of LLM agents with external tools enables models to solve complex tasks beyond their knowledge base. Human-designed tools are inflexible and restricted to solutions within the scope of pre-existing tools created by experts.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Mohd Ariful Haque , Justin Williams , Sunzida Siddique , Md. Hujaifa Islam , Hasmot Ali , Kishor Datta Gupta , Roy George

Multi-task learning (MTL) aims to leverage shared information among tasks to improve learning efficiency and accuracy. However, MTL often struggles to effectively manage positive and negative transfer between tasks, which can hinder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chenguang Wang , Xuanhao Pan , Tianshu Yu

LLMs have shown promising results in task planning due to their strong natural language understanding and reasoning capabilities. However, issues such as hallucinations, ambiguities in human instructions, environmental constraints, and…

To enable non-experts to specify long-horizon, multi-robot collaborative tasks, language models are increasingly used to translate natural language commands into formal specifications. However, because translation can occur in multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Shaojun Xu , Xusheng Luo , Yutong Huang , Letian Leng , Ruixuan Liu , Changliu Liu

Generating plans of action, and reasoning about change have long been considered a core competence of intelligent agents. It is thus no surprise that evaluating the planning and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Karthik Valmeekam , Matthew Marquez , Alberto Olmo , Sarath Sreedharan , Subbarao Kambhampati

Tool learning has emerged as a promising direction by extending Large Language Models' (LLMs) capabilities with external tools. Existing tool learning studies primarily focus on the general-purpose tool-use capability, which addresses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Qiancheng Xu , Yongqi Li , Heming Xia , Fan Liu , Min Yang , Wenjie Li

Recent advancements on Large Language Models (LLMs) enable AI Agents to automatically generate and execute multi-step plans to solve complex tasks. However, since LLM's content generation process is hardly controllable, current LLM-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Zelong Li , Wenyue Hua , Hao Wang , He Zhu , Yongfeng Zhang

Automatically annotating job data with standardized occupations from taxonomies, known as occupation classification, is crucial for labor market analysis. However, this task is often hindered by data scarcity and the challenges of manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Palakorn Achananuparp , Ee-Peng Lim , Yao Lu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for Text-to-SQL tasks, exhibiting remarkable reasoning capabilities. Different from tasks such as math word problems and commonsense reasoning, SQL solutions have a relatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ruilin Luo , Liyuan Wang , Binghuai Lin , Zicheng Lin , Yujiu Yang

Tool use, such as web search, has become a standard capability even in freely available large language models (LLMs). However, existing benchmarks evaluate temporal reasoning mainly in static, non-tool-using settings, which poorly reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zhengxiang Wang , Zeyu Dong

Language models (LMs) are powerful yet mostly for text generation tasks. Tools have substantially enhanced their performance for tasks that require complex skills. However, many works adopt the term "tool" in different ways, raising the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Zhiruo Wang , Zhoujun Cheng , Hao Zhu , Daniel Fried , Graham Neubig

Language models (LMs) possess a strong capability to comprehend natural language, making them effective in translating human instructions into detailed plans for simple robot tasks. Nevertheless, it remains a significant challenge to handle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Xiaopan Zhang , Hao Qin , Fuquan Wang , Yue Dong , Jiachen Li

Tool learning can further broaden the usage scenarios of large language models (LLMs). However most of the existing methods either need to finetune that the model can only use tools seen in the training data, or add tool demonstrations into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Mengsong Wu , Tong Zhu , Han Han , Xiang Zhang , Wenbiao Shao , Wenliang Chen

Utilizing tools with Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for grounding AI agents in real-world applications. The prevailing approach involves few-shot prompting with demonstrations or fine-tuning with expert annotations. However, mere…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Xiaohan Wang , Dian Li , Yilin Zhao , Sinbadliu , Hui Wang