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Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide step-level supervision that improves the reliability of reasoning in large language models. While PRMs have been extensively studied in text-based domains, their extension to Vision Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Brandon Ong , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , William Chandra Tjhi , Soujanya Poria

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable progress across tasks such as visual question answering and image captioning. Yet, the extent to which these models perform visual reasoning as opposed to relying on linguistic priors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Brigitta Malagurski Törtei , Yasser Dahou , Ngoc Dung Huynh , Wamiq Reyaz Para , Phúc H. Lê Khac , Ankit Singh , Sofian Chaybouti , Sanath Narayan

Pre-trained foundation models have recently made significant progress in table-related tasks such as table understanding and reasoning. However, recognizing the structure and content of unstructured tables using Vision Large Language Models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yitong Zhou , Mingyue Cheng , Qingyang Mao , Feiyang Xu , Xin Li

Recent advancements in time series forecasting have explored augmenting models with text or vision modalities to improve accuracy. While text provides contextual understanding, it often lacks fine-grained temporal details. Conversely,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Siru Zhong , Weilin Ruan , Ming Jin , Huan Li , Qingsong Wen , Yuxuan Liang

Recent studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) as reasoning modules that can deconstruct complex tasks into more manageable sub-tasks, particularly when applied to visual reasoning tasks for images. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ahmad Mahmood , Ashmal Vayani , Muzammal Naseer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan

Visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) is a challenging multi-modal task, which requires high-level cognition and commonsense reasoning ability about the real world. In recent years, large-scale pre-training approaches have been developed and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Cheng Yang , Rui Xu , Ye Guo , Peixiang Huang , Yiru Chen , Wenkui Ding , Zhongyuan Wang , Hong Zhou

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on visual reasoning benchmarks, yet it remains unclear to what extent such performance reflects reasoning directly grounded in visual evidence. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Longteng Guo , Yifan Wang , Pengkang Huo , Tailai Chen , Yuze Wu , Jing Liu , Xinxin Zhu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are known to struggle with spatial reasoning and visual alignment. To help overcome these limitations, we introduce iVISPAR, an interactive multimodal benchmark designed to evaluate the spatial reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Julius Mayer , Mohamad Ballout , Serwan Jassim , Farbod Nosrat Nezami , Elia Bruni

The development of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) is striving to catch up with the success of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it faces more challenges to be resolved. Very recent works enable LVLMs to localize object-level visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zhipeng Huang , Zhizheng Zhang , Zheng-Jun Zha , Yan Lu , Baining Guo

Information Visualization has been utilized to gain insights from complex data. In recent times, Large Language models (LLMs) have performed very well in many tasks. In this paper, we showcase the capabilities of different popular LLMs to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Saadiq Rauf Khan , Vinit Chandak , Sougata Mukherjea

Understanding time series is crucial for its application in real-world scenarios. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly applied to time series tasks, leveraging their strong language capabilities to enhance various…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Zhe Xie , Zeyan Li , Xiao He , Longlong Xu , Xidao Wen , Tieying Zhang , Jianjun Chen , Rui Shi , Dan Pei

Visual representation learning is ubiquitous in various real-world applications, including visual comprehension, video understanding, multi-modal analysis, human-computer interaction, and urban computing. Due to the emergence of huge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Yang Liu , Yushen Wei , Hong Yan , Guanbin Li , Liang Lin

Visualizations help communicate data insights, but deceptive data representations can distort their interpretation and propagate misinformation. While recent Vision Language Models (VLMs) perform well on many chart understanding tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Harsh Nishant Lalai , Raj Sanjay Shah , Hanspeter Pfister , Sashank Varma , Grace Guo

Open-source multimodal large language models (MLLMs) excel in various tasks involving textual and visual inputs but still struggle with complex multimodal mathematical reasoning, lagging behind proprietary models like GPT-4V(ision) and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Mengzhao Jia , Zhihan Zhang , Wenhao Yu , Fangkai Jiao , Meng Jiang

In recent years, video question answering based on multimodal large language models (MLLM) has garnered considerable attention, due to the benefits from the substantial advancements in LLMs. However, these models have a notable deficiency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Jinglei Zhang , Yuanfan Guo , Rolandos Alexandros Potamias , Jiankang Deng , Hang Xu , Chao Ma

Web service administrators must ensure the stability of multiple systems by promptly detecting anomalies in Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Achieving the goal of "train once, infer across scenarios" remains a fundamental challenge for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zexin Wang , Changhua Pei , Yang Liu , Hengyue Jiang , Quan Zhou , Haotian Si , Hang Cui , Jianhui Li , Gaogang Xie , Jingjing Li , Dan Pei

Data visualizations are powerful tools for communicating patterns in quantitative data. Yet understanding any data visualization is no small feat -- succeeding requires jointly making sense of visual, numerical, and linguistic inputs…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Arnav Verma , Kushin Mukherjee , Christopher Potts , Elisa Kreiss , Judith E. Fan

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) target 3D spatial intelligence, yet the progress has been largely driven by post-training on curated benchmarks, leaving the inference-time approach relatively underexplored. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Tingshu Mou , Jiabo He , Renying Wang , Ce Liu , Hao Yang , Tiehua Zhang , Jingjing Chen , Xingjun Ma

Vision-Language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance on multimodal tasks but often fail at systematic visual reasoning tasks, leading to inconsistent or illogical outputs. Neuro-symbolic methods promise to address this by inducing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Antonia Wüst , Wolfgang Stammer , Hikaru Shindo , Lukas Helff , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Temporal reasoning over tabular data presents substantial challenges for large language models (LLMs), as evidenced by recent research. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of temporal datasets to pinpoint the specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Irwin Deng , Kushagra Dixit , Vivek Gupta , Dan Roth