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Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Vulnerability identification is crucial for cyber security in the software-related industry. Early identification methods require significant manual efforts in crafting features or annotating vulnerable code. Although the recent pre-trained…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-11 Xuxiang Jiang , Yinhao Xiao , Jun Wang , Wei Zhang

Source code and its accompanying comments are complementary yet naturally aligned modalities-code encodes structural logic while comments capture developer intent. However, existing vulnerability detection methods mostly rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zeming Dong , Yuejun Guo , Qiang Hu , Yao Zhang , Maxime Cordy , Hao Liu , Mike Papadakis , Yongqiang Lyu

Vulnerability detection is a critical aspect of software security. Accurate detection is essential to prevent potential security breaches and protect software systems from malicious attacks. Recently, vulnerability detection methods…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Yixin Yang , Bowen Xu , Xiang Gao , Hailong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have been proposed as powerful tools for detecting software vulnerabilities, where task-specific fine-tuning is typically employed to provide vulnerability-specific knowledge to the LLMs. However, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Ruijun Feng , Hammond Pearce , Pietro Liguori , Yulei Sui

Large language models (LLMs) excel in many tasks of software engineering, yet progress in leveraging them for vulnerability discovery has stalled in recent years. To understand this phenomenon, we investigate LLMs through the lens of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Felix Weissberg , Lukas Pirch , Erik Imgrund , Jonas Möller , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Konrad Rieck

Recognizing vulnerabilities in stripped binary files presents a significant challenge in software security. Although some progress has been made in generating human-readable information from decompiled binary files with Large Language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nasir Hussain , Haohan Chen , Chanh Tran , Philip Huang , Zhuohao Li , Pravir Chugh , William Chen , Ashish Kundu , Yuan Tian

Software vulnerabilities (SVs) pose a critical threat to safety-critical systems, driving the adoption of AI-based approaches such as machine learning and deep learning for software vulnerability detection. Despite promising results, most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Van Nguyen , Surya Nepal , Xingliang Yuan , Tingmin Wu , Fengchao Chen , Carsten Rudolph

Large Language Models (LLMs) have strong capabilities in code comprehension, but fine-tuning costs and semantic alignment issues limit their project-specific optimization; conversely, code models such CodeBERT are easy to fine-tune, but it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Ziliang Wang , Ge Li , Jia Li , Yingfei Xiong , Jia Li , Meng Yan , Zhi Jin

Security vulnerabilities present in a code that has been written in diverse programming languages are among the most critical yet complicated aspects of source code to detect. Static analysis tools based on rule-based patterns usually do…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Hael Abdulhakim Ali Humran , Ferdi Sonmez

Accurate identification of software vulnerabilities is crucial for system integrity. Vulnerability datasets, often derived from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) or directly from GitHub, are essential for training machine learning…

This paper presents the results of finetuning large language models (LLMs) for the task of detecting vulnerabilities in source code. We leverage WizardCoder, a recent improvement of the state-of-the-art LLM StarCoder, and adapt it for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Alexey Shestov , Rodion Levichev , Ravil Mussabayev , Evgeny Maslov , Anton Cheshkov , Pavel Zadorozhny

Recent work demonstrates that, after instruction tuning, Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) can obtain impressive capabilities to address a wide range of code-related tasks. However, current instruction tuning methods for Code LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Zhaojian Yu , Xin Zhang , Ning Shang , Yangyu Huang , Can Xu , Yishujie Zhao , Wenxiang Hu , Qiufeng Yin

Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT (i.e., gpt-3.5-turbo and gpt-4) exhibited remarkable advancement in a range of software engineering tasks associated with source code such as code review and code generation. In this paper, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Van Nguyen , Trung Le

With the unprecedented advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), their application domains have expanded to include code generation tasks across various programming languages. While significant progress has been made in enhancing LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Prashanth Vijayaraghavan , Luyao Shi , Stefano Ambrogio , Charles Mackin , Apoorva Nitsure , David Beymer , Ehsan Degan

Code vulnerability detection is crucial for ensuring the security and reliability of modern software systems. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising capabilities in this domain. However, notable discrepancies in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Zhihong Sun , Jia Li , Yao Wan , Chuanyi Li , Hongyu Zhang , Zhi jin , Ge Li , Hong Liu , Chen Lyu , Songlin Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a popular choice in vulnerability detection studies given their foundational capabilities, open source availability, and variety of models, but have limited scalability due to extensive compute…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Miles Farmer , Ekincan Ufuktepe , Anne Watson , Hialo Muniz Carvalho , Vadim Okun , Zineb Maasaoui , Kannappan Palaniappan

Automated vulnerability detection is a fundamental task in software security, yet existing learning-based methods still struggle to capture the structural dependencies, domain-specific vulnerability knowledge, and complex program semantics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wenxin Tang , Xiang Zhang , Junliang Liu , Jingyu Xiao , Xi Xiao , Jinlong Yang , Yuehe Ma , Zhenyu Liu , Zhengheng Li , Zicheng Wang , Wang Luo , Qing Li , Lei Wang , Peng Xiangli

Software supply chain vulnerabilities arise when attackers exploit weaknesses by injecting vulnerable code into widely used packages or libraries within software repositories. While most existing approaches focus on identifying vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Sajal Halder , Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Seyit Camtepe

Various Deep Learning-based approaches with pre-trained language models have been proposed for automatically repairing software vulnerabilities. However, these approaches are limited to a specific programming language (C/C++). Recent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Dong wang , Junji Yu , Honglin Shu , Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yasutaka Kamei , Junjie Chen