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Word embeddings are a powerful approach for unsupervised analysis of language. Recently, Rudolph et al. (2016) developed exponential family embeddings, which cast word embeddings in a probabilistic framework. Here, we develop dynamic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-24 Maja Rudolph , David Blei

Word evolution refers to the changing meanings and associations of words throughout time, as a byproduct of human language evolution. By studying word evolution, we can infer social trends and language constructs over different periods of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Zijun Yao , Yifan Sun , Weicong Ding , Nikhil Rao , Hui Xiong

We present a method for feature interpretation that makes use of recent advances in autoregressive density estimation models to invert model representations. We train generative inversion models to express a distribution over input features…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-01-03 Charlie Nash , Nate Kushman , Christopher K. I. Williams

Generative autoencoders offer a promising approach for controllable text generation by leveraging their latent sentence representations. However, current models struggle to maintain coherent latent spaces required to perform meaningful text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Tianxiao Shen , Jonas Mueller , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Large Language Models (LLMs), benefiting from the auto-regressive modelling approach performed on massive unannotated texts corpora, demonstrates powerful perceptual and reasoning capabilities. However, as for extending auto-regressive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Tianshuo Peng , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang , Hai Zhao , Ping Wang , Bo Du

Word embeddings predict a word from its neighbours by learning small, dense embedding vectors. In practice, this prediction corresponds to a semantic score given to the predicted word (or term weight). We present a novel model that, given a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Casper Hansen , Christian Hansen , Stephen Alstrup , Jakob Grue Simonsen , Christina Lioma

A recent study showed that large language models (LLMs) can reconstruct surprisingly long texts - up to thousands of tokens - via autoregressive generation from just one trained input embedding. In this work, we explore whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Gleb Mezentsev , Ivan Oseledets

Word embeddings are one of the most useful tools in any modern natural language processing expert's toolkit. They contain various types of information about each word which makes them the best way to represent the terms in any NLP task. But…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Armin Seyeditabari , Narges Tabari , Shafie Gholizade , Wlodek Zadrozny

Stochastic embedding transitions introduce a probabilistic mechanism for adjusting token representations dynamically during inference, mitigating the constraints imposed through static or deterministic embeddings. A transition framework was…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Stefan Whitaker , Colin Sisate , Marcel Windsor , Nikolai Fairweather , Tarquin Goldborough , Oskar Lindenfeld

Word embeddings are widely used in Natural Language Processing, mainly due to their success in capturing semantic information from massive corpora. However, their creation process does not allow the different meanings of a word to be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Massimiliano Mancini , Jose Camacho-Collados , Ignacio Iacobacci , Roberto Navigli

Embedding learning, a.k.a. representation learning, has been shown to be able to model large-scale semantic knowledge graphs. A key concept is a mapping of the knowledge graph to a tensor representation whose entries are predicted by models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Volker Tresp , Cristóbal Esteban , Yinchong Yang , Stephan Baier , Denis Krompaß

Standard autoregressive language models generate text by repeatedly selecting a discrete next token, coupling prediction with irreversible commitment at every step. We show that token selection is not the only viable autoregressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Oshri Naparstek

Semantic word embeddings represent the meaning of a word via a vector, and are created by diverse methods. Many use nonlinear operations on co-occurrence statistics, and have hand-tuned hyperparameters and reweighting methods. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Sanjeev Arora , Yuanzhi Li , Yingyu Liang , Tengyu Ma , Andrej Risteski

To generate coherent responses, language models infer unobserved meaning from their input text sequence. One potential explanation for this capability arises from theories of delay embeddings in dynamical systems, which prove that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Mitchell Ostrow , Adam Eisen , Ila Fiete

Neural language models are a powerful tool to embed words into semantic vector spaces. However, learning such models generally relies on the availability of abundant and diverse training examples. In highly specialised domains this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Stephanie L. Hyland , Theofanis Karaletsos , Gunnar Rätsch

Interpretability benefits the theoretical understanding of representations. Existing word embeddings are generally dense representations. Hence, the meaning of latent dimensions is difficult to interpret. This makes word embeddings like a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minxue Xia , Hao Zhu

Autoregressive modeling has been a huge success in the field of natural language processing (NLP). Recently, autoregressive models have emerged as a significant area of focus in computer vision, where they excel in producing high-quality…

Large language models use high-dimensional latent spaces to encode and process textual information. Much work has investigated how the conceptual content of words translates into geometrical relationships between their vector…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Raphaël Sarfati , Haley Moller , Toni J. B. Liu , Nicolas Boullé , Christopher Earls

Sentence embeddings are crucial in measuring semantic similarity. Most recent studies employed large language models (LLMs) to learn sentence embeddings. Existing LLMs mainly adopted autoregressive architecture without explicit backward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Xianming Li , Jing Li

Word embeddings have been found to capture a surprisingly rich amount of syntactic and semantic knowledge. However, it is not yet sufficiently well-understood how the relational knowledge that is implicitly encoded in word embeddings can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Zied Bouraoui , Shoaib Jameel , Steven Schockaert