Related papers: Does the Sun have a Dark Disk?
In this paper we model the vertical structure of mass distribution of the Milky Way galaxy in the framework of a finite-width global disk model. Assuming the Galactic rotation curve only, we test inside the solar orbit the predictions of…
The inner solar system possesses a unique orbital structure in which there are no planets inside the Mercury orbit and the mass is concentrated around the Venus and Earth orbits. The origins of these features still remain unclear. We…
The next generation of solar neutrino detectors will provide a precision measure of the $^8$B electron-neutrino spectrum in the energy range from 1-15 MeV. Although the neutrino spectrum emitted by $^8$B $\beta$-decay reactions in the Sun's…
The solar luminosity in the visible changes at the 10-3 level, following an 11 years period. In X-rays, which should not be there, the amplitude varies 100000 times stronger, making their mysterious origin since the discovery in 1938 even…
The surface layers of the Sun are strongly stratified. In the presence of turbulence with a weak mean magnetic field, a large-scale instability resulting in the formation of non-uniform magnetic structures, can be excited over the scale of…
MESSENGER magnetometer data show that Mercury's magnetic field is not only exceptionally weak but also has a unique geometry. The internal field resembles an axial dipole that is offset to the North by 20% of the planetary radius. This…
A moderately spinning neutron star acquires an oblate shape and a spacetime with a significant quadrupole moment. These two properties affect its apparent surface area for an observer at infinity, as well as the lightcurve arising from a…
Helioseismology has allowed us to infer the rotation in the greater part of the solar interior with high precision and resolution. The results show interesting conflicts with earlier theoretical expectations, indicating that the the Sun is…
The annihilation of dark matter (DM) particles accumulated in the Sun could produce a flux of neutrinos, which is potentially detectable with neutrino detectors/telescopes and the DM elastic scattering cross section can be constrained.…
The gravitational dipole theory of Hadjukovic (2010) is based on the hypothesis that antimatter has a negative gravitational mass and thus falls upwards on Earth. Astrophysically, the model is similar to but more fundamental than Modified…
In recent years, evidence has been obtained that in the outer region of the Solar System (in the inner part of the Oort cloud), at a distance $\sim300-700$ AU from the Sun, there may be a captured planet or a primordial black hole. In this…
High energy cosmic rays "illuminate" the Sun and produce an image that could be observed in up to five different channels: a cosmic ray shadow (whose energy dependence has been studied by HAWC); a gamma ray flux (observed at $E\le 200$ GeV…
Unlike other stars, the surface of the Sun can be spatially resolved to a high degree of detail. But the Sun can also be observed as if it was a distant star. The availability of solar disk-resolved and disk-integrated spectra offers an…
In addition to the `facular' brightening of active regions, the quiet Sun also contains a small scale magnetic field with associated brightenings in continuum radiation. We measure this contribution of quiet regions to the Sun's brightness…
The temperature in most parts of a protoplanetary disk is determined by irradiation from the central star. Numerical experiments of Watanabe \& Lin (2008) suggested that such disks, also called `passive disks', suffer from a thermal…
The possibility to measure the solar diameter using the transits of Mercury has been exploited to investigate the past three centuries of its evolution and to calibrate these measurements made with satellites. This measurement basically…
Usual explanations of spiral galaxy rotation curves assume circular orbits of stars. The consequences of giving up this assumption are investigated here. In particular, hyperbolic stellar trajectories are found to be interesting. The two…
The observed splittings of solar oscillation frequencies can be employed to separate the effects of internal solar rotation and to estimate the contribution from a large-scale magnetic field or any latitude-dependent thermal perturbation…
We analytically work out the orbital effects induced by the gravitomagnetic spin-octupole moment of an extended spheroidal rotating body endowed with angular momentum $\boldsymbol{S}$ and quadrupole mass moment $J_2$. Our results,…
Gravitational lensing of an optical QSO by a spiral galaxy is often counteracted by dust obscuration, since the line-of-sight to the QSO passes close to the center of the galactic disk. The dust in the lens is likely to be correlated with…