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A major challenge in understanding the generalization of deep learning is to explain why (stochastic) gradient descent can exploit the network architecture to find solutions that have good generalization performance when using high capacity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-12 Yifan Wu , Barnabas Poczos , Aarti Singh

Feature learning in neural networks is crucial for their expressive power and inductive biases, motivating various theoretical approaches. Some approaches describe network behavior after training through a change in kernel scale from…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-05-29 Noa Rubin , Kirsten Fischer , Javed Lindner , David Dahmen , Inbar Seroussi , Zohar Ringel , Michael Krämer , Moritz Helias

Bayesian learning with Gaussian processes demonstrates encouraging regression and classification performances in solving computer vision tasks. However, Bayesian methods on 3D manifold-valued vision data, such as meshes and point clouds,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Yonghui Fan , Yalin Wang

Deep neural networks have attained remarkable success across diverse classification tasks. Recent empirical studies have shown that deep networks learn features that are linearly separable across classes. However, these findings often lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Alec S. Xu , Can Yaras , Peng Wang , Qing Qu

It has long been known that a single-layer fully-connected neural network with an i.i.d. prior over its parameters is equivalent to a Gaussian process (GP), in the limit of infinite network width. This correspondence enables exact Bayesian…

Deep directed generative models have attracted much attention recently due to their generative modeling nature and powerful data representation ability. In this paper, we review different structures of deep directed generative models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Siqi Nie , Meng Zheng , Qiang Ji

Bayesian neural networks are theoretically well-understood only in the infinite-width limit, where Gaussian priors over network weights yield Gaussian priors over network outputs. Recent work has suggested that finite Bayesian networks may…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-16 Jacob A. Zavatone-Veth , Cengiz Pehlevan

Bayesian network structure learning algorithms with limited data are being used in domains such as systems biology and neuroscience to gain insight into the underlying processes that produce observed data. Learning reliable networks from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-10 Diane Oyen , Terran Lane

Deep convolutional networks provide state of the art classifications and regressions results over many high-dimensional problems. We review their architecture, which scatters data with a cascade of linear filter weights and non-linearities.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-04-27 Stéphane Mallat

One of the distinguishing characteristics of modern deep learning systems is that they typically employ neural network architectures that utilize enormous numbers of parameters, often in the millions and sometimes even in the billions.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-15 Ben Adlam , Jake Levinson , Jeffrey Pennington

In this paper, we provide the first precise distributional characterization of gradient descent iterates for general multi-layer neural networks under the canonical single-index regression model, in the `finite-width proportional regime'…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Qiyang Han , Masaaki Imaizumi

Feature learning is widely regarded as the key mechanism distinguishing neural networks from fixed-kernel methods, yet its impact on the induced function space remains poorly understood. In this work, we precisely characterize how the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 João Lobo , Bruno Loureiro , Long Tran-Than , Fanghui Liu

Bayesian inference promises a framework for principled uncertainty quantification of neural network predictions. Barriers to adoption include the difficulty of fully characterizing posterior distributions on network parameters and the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-22 Katharine Fisher , Youssef Marzouk

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) excel at many tasks, often rivaling or surpassing human performance. Yet their internal processes remain elusive, frequently described as "black boxes." While performance can be refined experimentally, achieving…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-03 Sebastiano Ariosto

In this paper, we develop a finite mixture of convolutional distributions, a statistical model to analyze continuous data distributed approximately on a mixture of low-dimensional affine subspaces. The observations are assumed independent…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Sunrit Chakraborty , XuanLong Nguyen

In this paper, we consider fully connected feed-forward deep neural networks where weights and biases are independent and identically distributed according to Gaussian distributions. Extending previous results (Matthews et al., 2018a;b;…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Daniele Bracale , Stefano Favaro , Sandra Fortini , Stefano Peluchetti

We analyze the loss landscape and expressiveness of practical deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with shared weights and max pooling layers. We show that such CNNs produce linearly independent features at a "wide" layer which has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Quynh Nguyen , Matthias Hein

This manuscript considers the problem of learning a random Gaussian network function using a fully connected network with frozen intermediate layers and trainable readout layer. This problem can be seen as a natural generalization of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-02 Dominik Schröder , Hugo Cui , Daniil Dmitriev , Bruno Loureiro

Whilst deep neural networks have shown great empirical success, there is still much work to be done to understand their theoretical properties. In this paper, we study the relationship between random, wide, fully connected, feedforward…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-08-17 Alexander G. de G. Matthews , Mark Rowland , Jiri Hron , Richard E. Turner , Zoubin Ghahramani

We study feature learning in two-layer neural networks within the linear-width regime, where the number of hidden neurons, sample size, and input dimension scale proportionally. While recent work has analyzed feature learning via a single…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-25 Behrad Moniri , Hamed Hassani