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Related papers: The Impossibility of Fair LLMs

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Fairness is a growing concern for high-risk decision-making using Artificial Intelligence (AI) but ensuring it through purely technical means is challenging: there is no universally accepted fairness measure, fairness is context-dependent,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Evdoxia Taka , Yuri Nakao , Ryosuke Sonoda , Takuya Yokota , Lin Luo , Simone Stumpf

In traditional decision making processes, social biases of human decision makers can lead to unequal economic outcomes for underrepresented social groups, such as women, racial or ethnic minorities. Recently, the increasing popularity of…

General Economics · Economics 2024-03-25 Jiafu An , Difang Huang , Chen Lin , Mingzhu Tai

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite these advancements, LMs can inherit and amplify societal biases related to sensitive attributes such as gender…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhipeng Yin , Zichong Wang , Avash Palikhe , Wenbin Zhang

Reaching consensus on a commonly accepted definition of AI Fairness has long been a central challenge in AI ethics and governance. There is a broad spectrum of views across society on what the concept of fairness means and how it should…

As large language models (LLMs) become more widely deployed, it is crucial to examine their ethical tendencies. Building on research on fairness and discrimination in AI, we investigate whether LLMs exhibit speciesist bias -- discrimination…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Monika Jotautaitė , Lucius Caviola , David A. Brewster , Thilo Hagendorff

Systems that augment sensory abilities are increasingly employing AI and machine learning (ML) approaches, with applications ranging from object recognition and scene description tools for blind users to sound awareness tools for d/Deaf…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-21 Leah Findlater , Steven Goodman , Yuhang Zhao , Shiri Azenkot , Margot Hanley

A surge of recent work explores the ethical and societal implications of large-scale AI models that make "moral" judgments. Much of this literature focuses either on alignment with human judgments through various thought experiments or on…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Gaurab Pokharel , Shafkat Farabi , Patrick J. Fowler , Sanmay Das

Machine learning algorithms are now frequently used in sensitive contexts that substantially affect the course of human lives, such as credit lending or criminal justice. This is driven by the idea that `objective' machines base their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-17 Songül Tolan

Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress made in large language models (LLMs). Such advancements, while garnering significant attention, have concurrently elicited various concerns. The potential of these models is undeniably vast;…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Tianhao Shen , Renren Jin , Yufei Huang , Chuang Liu , Weilong Dong , Zishan Guo , Xinwei Wu , Yan Liu , Deyi Xiong

Fairness in AI and machine learning systems has become a fundamental problem in the accountability of AI systems. While the need for accountability of AI models is near ubiquitous, healthcare in particular is a challenging field where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Ming Yuan , Vikas Kumar , Muhammad Aurangzeb Ahmad , Ankur Teredesai

The advent of AI and ML algorithms has led to opportunities as well as challenges. In this paper, we provide an overview of bias and fairness issues that arise with the use of ML algorithms. We describe the types and sources of data bias,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-17 Nengfeng Zhou , Zach Zhang , Vijayan N. Nair , Harsh Singhal , Jie Chen , Agus Sudjianto

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in educational contexts to provide personalized support to students and teachers. The unprecedented capacity of LLM-based applications to understand and generate natural language can…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Jinsook Lee , Yann Hicke , Renzhe Yu , Christopher Brooks , René F. Kizilcec

Big models have greatly advanced AI's ability to understand, generate, and manipulate information and content, enabling numerous applications. However, as these models become increasingly integrated into everyday life, their inherent…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Xiaoyuan Yi , Jing Yao , Xiting Wang , Xing Xie

Today, with the growing obsession with applying Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Machine Learning (ML), to software across various contexts, much of the focus has been on the effectiveness of AI models, often measured through…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Thanh Nguyen , Chaima Boufaied , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in socially sensitive settings, raising concerns about fairness and biases, particularly across intersectional demographic attributes. In this paper, we systematically evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Chaima Boufaied , Ronnie De Souza Santos , Ann Barcomb

Today, AI is increasingly being used in many high-stakes decision-making applications in which fairness is an important concern. Already, there are many examples of AI being biased and making questionable and unfair decisions. The AI…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Yunfeng Zhang , Rachel K. E. Bellamy , Kush R. Varshney

An increasing number of decisions regarding the daily lives of human beings are being controlled by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in spheres ranging from healthcare, transportation, and education to college admissions,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Dana Pessach , Erez Shmueli

Language Models (LMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing and enabled remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet their black-box nature raises critical concerns about the interpretability of their internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Avash Palikhe , Zichong Wang , Zhipeng Yin , Rui Guo , Qiang Duan , Jie Yang , Wenbin Zhang

The growing interest in employing large language models (LLMs) for decision-making in social and economic contexts has raised questions about their potential to function as agents in these domains. A significant number of societal problems…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hadi Hosseini , Samarth Khanna