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Learning the spatial topology of electroencephalogram (EEG) channels and their temporal dynamics is crucial for decoding attention states. This paper introduces EEG-PatchFormer, a transformer-based deep learning framework designed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-20 Yi Ding , Joon Hei Lee , Shuailei Zhang , Tianze Luo , Cuntai Guan

The growing convergence between Large Language Models (LLMs) and electroencephalography (EEG) research is enabling new directions in neural decoding, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), and affective computing. This survey offers a systematic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-11 Naseem Babu , Jimson Mathew , A. P. Vinod

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals play a pivotal role in clinical medicine, brain research, and neurological disease studies. However, susceptibility to various physiological and environmental artifacts introduces noise in recorded EEG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Bin Wang , Fei Deng , Peifan Jiang

The Motor Imagery (MI) electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) allow the direct communication between humans and machines by exploiting the neural pathways connected to motor imagination. Therefore, these systems…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-26 Aurora Saibene , Silvia Corchs , Mirko Caglioni , Francesca Gasparini

The electroencephalography (EEG)-based motor imagery (MI) classification is a critical and challenging task in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology, which plays a significant role in assisting patients with functional impairments to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Wei Peng , Kang Liu , Jiaxi Shi , Jianchen Hu

Electroencephalogram (EEG) has shown a useful approach to produce a brain-computer interface (BCI). One-dimensional (1-D) EEG signal is yet easily disturbed by certain artifacts (a.k.a. noise) due to the high temporal resolution. Thus, it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Peng Yi , Kecheng Chen , Zhaoqi Ma , Di Zhao , Xiaorong Pu , Yazhou Ren

The data scarcity problem in Electroencephalography (EEG) based affective computing results into difficulty in building an effective model with high accuracy and stability using machine learning algorithms especially deep learning models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-09 Zhi Zhang , Sheng-hua Zhong , Yan Liu

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) based brain-computer interface (BCI) has received considerable attention due to its high information transfer rate (ITR) and available quantity of targets. However, the performance of frequency…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-03 Yudong Pan , Ning Li , Yangsong Zhang , Peng Xu , Dezhong Yao

Brain-computer interface (BCI) is challenging to use in practice due to the inter/intra-subject variability of electroencephalography (EEG). The BCI system, in general, necessitates a calibration technique to obtain subject/session-specific…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-18 Serkan Musellim , Dong-Kyun Han , Ji-Hoon Jeong , Seong-Whan Lee

At present, people usually use some methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for Electroencephalograph (EEG) decoding. However, CNNs have limitations in perceiving global dependencies, which is not adequate for common EEG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-23 Yonghao Song , Xueyu Jia , Lie Yang , Longhan Xie

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enables direct communication between the brain and external devices, allowing individuals to control their environment using brain signals. However, existing BCI approaches face three critical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-21 Sidharth Pancholi , Amita Giri

Brain activity translation into human language delivers the capability to revolutionize machine-human interaction while providing communication support to people with speech disability. Electronic decoding reaches a certain level of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-26 Mostafa El Gedawy , Omnia Nabil , Omar Mamdouh , Mahmoud Nady , Nour Alhuda Adel , Ahmed Fares

Electroencephalogram (EEG) classification has been widely used in various medical and engineering applications, where it is important for understanding brain function, diagnosing diseases, and assessing mental health conditions. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-20 Mingzhi Chen , Yiyu Gui , Yuqi Su , Yuesheng Zhu , Guibo Luo , Yuchao Yang

Electroencephalography (EEG) signals provide critical insights for applications in disease diagnosis and healthcare. However, the scarcity of labeled EEG data poses a significant challenge. Foundation models offer a promising solution by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Limin Wang , Toyotaro Suzumura , Hiroki Kanezashi

Recently, many efforts have been made to explore how the brain processes speech using electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, where deep learning-based approaches were shown to be applicable in this field. In order to decode speech signals…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-24 Qiushi Zhu , Xiaoying Zhao , Jie Zhang , Yu Gu , Chao Weng , Yuchen Hu

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer transformative potential, but decoding neural signals presents significant challenges. The core premise of this paper is built around demonstrating methods to elucidate the underlying low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Benjamin J. Choi

Decoding speech from non-invasive brain signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG), has the potential to advance brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), with applications in silent communication and assistive technologies for individuals with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Terrance Yu-Hao Chen , Yulin Chen , Pontus Soederhaell , Sadrishya Agrawal , Kateryna Shapovalenko

Affective computing stands at the forefront of artificial intelligence (AI), seeking to imbue machines with the ability to comprehend and respond to human emotions. Central to this field is emotion recognition, which endeavors to identify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Fei Ma , Yucheng Yuan , Yifan Xie , Hongwei Ren , Ivan Liu , Ying He , Fuji Ren , Fei Richard Yu , Shiguang Ni

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) based on motor imagery translate mental motor images recognized from the electroencephalogram (EEG) to control commands. EEG patterns of different imagination tasks, e.g. hand and foot movements, are…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-27 Alessandro Bria , Claudio Marrocco , Francesco Tortorella

The efficacy of Electroencephalogram (EEG) classifiers can be augmented by increasing the quantity of available data. In the case of geometric deep learning classifiers, the input consists of spatial covariance matrices derived from EEGs.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-18 Ce Ju , Reinmar Josef Kobler , Cuntai Guan